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Size, shape and the distribution of organic matter in the Recent Antarctic brachiopod Liothyrella uva
1 January, 1987 by Andrew Clarke, Lloyd Peck
The living terebratulid articulate brachiopod Liothyrella uva (Jackson 1912) was sampled from a shallow water population at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. Neither shell height nor shell breadth were…Imaging subglacial topography by a synthetic aperture radar technique
1 January, 1987
A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique has been used to image part of the grounding-line region of Bach Ice Shelf in the Antarctic Peninsula. The radar was sledge-mounted and operated…Read more on Imaging subglacial topography by a synthetic aperture radar technique
Three-beam model for studying dislocations in wave pulses
1 January, 1987 by Keith Nicholls
A model pulsed wavefield is presented that enables the behaviour of the associated wave dislocations to be computed exactly. It consists of three intersecting beams of plane-wave pulses. Because the…Read more on Three-beam model for studying dislocations in wave pulses
The detection of density-dependence from a series of annual censuses
1 January, 1987
We report a distribution—free approach to the detection of density—dependence in the variation of population abundance, measured by a series of annual censuses. The method uses the correlation coefficient between…Read more on The detection of density-dependence from a series of annual censuses
F-layer storms and thermospheric composition
1 January, 1987
This paper discusses the present understanding of ionospheric storms, in particular storm effects in the F-layer and their relationship to changes of thermospheric composition. After summarizing the main effects of…Fifty years of progress in understanding ice sheets
1 January, 1987
Over the past 50 years, ideas relating to the physical features and dynamics of ice sheets have evolved materially, primarily due to modern technological advances in the acquisition of basic…Read more on Fifty years of progress in understanding ice sheets
The effect of geomagnetic activity on north polar currents in winter
1 January, 1987
Average north polar currents for the winter season have been derived from geomagnetic hourly means at six levels of geomagnetic activity. The twin-vortex pattern, normally associated with more disturbed conditions,…Read more on The effect of geomagnetic activity on north polar currents in winter
Is the poleward edge of the trough a sensitive indicator of geospace interactions?
1 January, 1987
The poleward edge of the main ionospheric trough can often be regarded as the ionospheric signature of the equatorward boundary of the plasma sheet. We use Advanced Ionospheric Sounder observations…Read more on Is the poleward edge of the trough a sensitive indicator of geospace interactions?
Cephalopod prey of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans
1 January, 1987 by Paul Rodhouse
Cephalopod beaks from the stomach contents of “wandering albatross” (Diomedea exulans L.) chicks from Bird Island, South Georgia, were sampled between May and September in 1983 and 1984. Lower beaks…Read more on Cephalopod prey of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans
Antarctica — A unique laboratory for atmospheric studies by optical methods
1 January, 1987
Optical methods of studying the atmosphere are one valuable means of investigating atmospheric behaviour at heights ranging from less than 1 km to several hundred km. Some examples are given…Read more on Antarctica — A unique laboratory for atmospheric studies by optical methods
Measurement of declination at South Georgia 1700–1984
1 January, 1987
Declination, or the difference between true and magnetic north, is one of the earliest parameters to have been measured systematically over the earth's surface. Values are available for South Georgia…Read more on Measurement of declination at South Georgia 1700–1984
A suggested model for the IRI plasmapheric distribution
1 January, 1987
A model has been constructed which grafts IRI topside profiles to field-aligned diffusive equilibrium profiles at a “reference level” near 650 km altitude. For different values of geographic latitude, longitude,…Read more on A suggested model for the IRI plasmapheric distribution
Global surface-temperature responses to major volcanic eruptions
1 January, 1987
The impacts of pollution resulting from large explosive volcanic eruptions on the atmospheric heat budget and planetary albedo are not in doubt1,2. However, the effects of volcanic aerosols on the…Read more on Global surface-temperature responses to major volcanic eruptions
Simultaneous ground-based observations of the plasmapause and the F-region mid-latitude trough
1 January, 1987
The plasmapause and the mid-latitude ionospheric trough have been observed simultaneously from two Antarctic stations, Halley and Faraday, during five winter nights covering a range of geomagnetic disturbance conditions. The…Cryptogamic carbohydrate release and microbial response during spring freeze-thaw cycles in antarctic fellfield fines
1 January, 1987
The soluble carbohydrate and polyhydric alcohol (polyol) content of fruticose lichens, cushion mosses and early vegetative colonizers of maritime Antarctic fellfield soils were examined by gas-liquid chromatography during 18 months.…Ecophysiological grouping of Antarctic environmental bacteria by API 20 NE and fatty acid fingerprints
1 January, 1987
Gas liquid chromatography and a commercially available strip of 20 conventional biochemical tests were used for the rapid sorting of strains of environmental bacterial isolates into similar ecophysiological groups. This…The reproductive biology of Euchaeta antarctica Giesbrecht (Copepoda: Calanoida) at South Georgia
1 January, 1987 by Peter Ward
The reproductive biology of the predatory calanoid copepod Euchaeta antarctica Giesbrecht was investigated in two interconnected fjord systems at South Georgia. Counts of the number of spermatophores attached to adult…Geomagnetic storms in the Antarctic F-region. I. Diurnal and seasonal patterns for main phase effects
1 January, 1987
New analysis procedures are used to show that the main phase mid-latitude storm effects conform to consistent patterns in local time when suitable selection rules are applied, with averaging over…The tidal spectrum underneath Antarctic ice shelves
15 November, 1986
A year‐long tidal record has been obtained from beneath the George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctica. An unusual feature of the record is a significant response in tidal species 3 to…Read more on The tidal spectrum underneath Antarctic ice shelves
The local time, substorm, and seasonal dependence of electron precipitation at L ≈ 4 inferred from riometer measurements
1 November, 1986
We have examined the variations of electron precipitation at L ≈ 4 as inferred from riometer measurements of cosmic radio noise absorption made during 1975 at Siple Station and Halley…Jovian 1.2-kHz nonthermal continuum radiation
1 September, 1986
Nonthermal continuum is observed at 1.2 kHz on Voyagers 1 and 2 within the Jovian magnetosphere. It is seen in the magnetospheric cavity on both the dayside and nightside, being…A biometrical study of the family Tydeidae (Acari, Prostigmata) in the maritime Antarctic, with descriptions of three new taxa
1 July, 1986
A series of 50 male and 42 female mites of the prostigmatid family Tydeidae from the maritime Antarctic were each scored for 67 morphological characters. Ordination of each data set…Corticosterone secretion through long incubation shifts in Diomedea albatrosses
1 June, 1986
Blood samples were collected from free-living incubating Diomedea albatross during single incubation shifts, both daily (wandering albatross D. exulans and every 2 days (grey-headed albatross D. chrysostoma and black-browed albatross…Read more on Corticosterone secretion through long incubation shifts in Diomedea albatrosses
Lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous strata of west James Ross Island, Antarctica
1 June, 1986 by Alistair Crame
As a result of recent field work, a new lithostratigraphic group is defined on the west coast of James Ross Island, Antarctica. Characterised by comparatively coarse-grained sediments, the Gustav Group…Read more on Lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous strata of west James Ross Island, Antarctica
Reproductive endocrinology of the Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris and the Grey-headed albatross D. chrysostoma
1 February, 1986
Gonadal size and the circulating concentrations of two pituitary hormones (luteinizing hormone and prolactin) and three gonadal steroids (testosterone, progesterone and oestradiol‐17β) were measured in two closely related Diomedea albatrosses…Arthropod communities in a maritime Antarctic moss-turf habitat: multiple scales of pattern in the mites and collembola
1 February, 1986
(1) A sampling programme has been designed to detect whether multiple scales of pattern (or aggregation) occur in arthropod distributions. A secondary aim was to relate arthropod pattern with environmental…Storm-generated sandstone beds from the Upper Cretaceous of South Chile and their regional significance
1 January, 1986
Se describen areniscas del Cretacico Superior, expuestas en las cercanias de Punta Arenas, sur de Chile, las que exhiben laminacion convoluta y estratificacion cruzada, tipo "hummocky". Estas capas se formaron…Energy cost of contraction in fast and slow muscle fibres isolated from an elasmobranch and an Antarctic teleost fish
1 January, 1986
1. Single fast and small bundles of slow fibres were isolated from the muscles of an elasmobranch (dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula) and an Antarctic teleost (Notothenia neglecta). A third fibre type…Evolutionary adaptation to temperature in fish muscle cross bridge mechanisms: tension and ATP turnover
1 January, 1986
1. Force and ATPase activity were measured in skinned, fast muscle fibres isolated from the myotomes of Antarctic, temperate and tropical fish. 2. Maximum isometric tension was inversely related to…Effects of contrasting relative humidities on the cold tolerance of an Antarctic mite
1 January, 1986
Samples of adult Alaskozetes antarcticus, an Antarctic cryptostigmatid mite, were collected in winter and summer. In 4 separate experiments, mites were maintained under relative humidities in the range: 0, 26,…Read more on Effects of contrasting relative humidities on the cold tolerance of an Antarctic mite
Effects of ingestion of liquids on the cold tolerance of an Antarctic mite
1 January, 1986
Samples of a cryptostigmatid mite, Alaskozetes antarcticus, were collected during summer and winter on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, in the maritime Antarctic. In four experiments, adult mites were maintained…Read more on Effects of ingestion of liquids on the cold tolerance of an Antarctic mite
The third hop whistler anomaly: possible evidence of df/dt-dependent wave amplification
1 January, 1986
On occasion the third hop of an echoing magnetospheric whistler exceeds the first hop in intensity over some low range of frequencies. Case studies show that this anomalous behavior can…Read more on The third hop whistler anomaly: possible evidence of df/dt-dependent wave amplification
Lipid content and composition of some midwater crustaceans from the Southern Ocean
1 January, 1986 by Andrew Clarke
The decapods Pasiphaea scotiae (Stebbing), P. rathbunae (Stebbing), Petalidium foliaceum Bate and Acanthephyra pelagica (Risso) and the mysid Gnathophausia gigas (W.-Suhm) have been sampled from the Southern Ocean. Lipid contents…Read more on Lipid content and composition of some midwater crustaceans from the Southern Ocean
The effects of temperature on 86Rb uptake by two species of Chlamydomonas(Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae)
1 January, 1986 by Andrew Clarke
86Rb uptake was examined in two species of unicellular green algae, Chlamydomonas nivalis isolated from snow, and a cell wall-less mutant of the temperate freshwater Chlamydomonas reinhardii. In C. reinhardii…Radio-echo investigations of Ronne Ice Shelf
1 January, 1986
Since 1981, the British Antarctic Survey has flown 27 000 line kilometres over Ronne Ice Shelf, during which radio-echo ice thicknesses were recorded. An earlier map of ice thickness was…Late Mesozoic bipolar bivalve faunas
1 January, 1986 by Alistair Crame
Bipolar bivalve genera probably existed through the greater part of late Mesozoic (i.e. late Jurassic–late Cretaceous) time. Of the various theories put forward to account for their presence, those based…Environmental factors influencing decomposition rates in two Antarctic moss communities
1 January, 1986
Rates of disappearance of dead material of Polytrichum alpestre and Chorisodontium aciphyllum from a moss turf community and of Drepanocladus uncinatus, Calliergon sarmentosum and Cephaloziella varians from a moss carpet…Read more on Environmental factors influencing decomposition rates in two Antarctic moss communities
A simple graphical method for dealiasing digital ionosonde echo location data
1 January, 1986
A simple user interactive technique that allows digital ionosonde sky map echo location data to be dealiased uniquely is described. Unambiguous tracking of large‐scale ionospheric features is thus made possible.…Read more on A simple graphical method for dealiasing digital ionosonde echo location data
Empirical models of the electron concentration of the ionosphere and their value for radio communications purposes
1 January, 1986
The availability of representative empirical models of the variation of the electron concentration with height in the ionosphere is one critical element in the development of practical schemes for providing…Metabolic constraints on burst-swimming in the Antarctic teleost Notothenia neglecta
1 January, 1986
Immediate-energy-supply pathways were analysed during burst-swimming in white muscle of the Antarctic fish Notothenia neglecta, (collected during Austral summer 1984 near Signy Island, South Orkneys). Selected enzyme activities were determined,…Read more on Metabolic constraints on burst-swimming in the Antarctic teleost Notothenia neglecta
Effectiveness of the RMT8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms
1 January, 1986
The effectiveness of the Rectangular Midwater Trawl (RMT) for sampling krill swarms was studied by observing the behaviour of swarms in the vicinity of the net using echosounders. Large scale…Read more on Effectiveness of the RMT8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms
Growth rings in Cretacous and Tertiary wood from Antarctica and their palaeoclimatic implications
1 January, 1986 by Jane Francis
Although the Antarctic Peninsula now has a glacial climate, during the Cretaceous and early Tertiary it was sufficiently warm for forests to thrive, even at palaeolatitudes of 59°-62° S. The…Reproductive endocrinology of the Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans in relation to biennial breeding and deferred sexual maturity
1 January, 1986
The reproductive endocrinology of the Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans was studied at South Georgia to investigate the potential endocrine correlates of biennial breeding and of the acquisition of sexual maturity.…Recent measurements of Antarctic ozone depletion
1 January, 1986 by Jonathan Shanklin
Measurements of total ozone at Halley Bay, Antarctica, are presented for the six most recent observing seasons, 1980‐86, showing the consistency and progress of the spring ozone depletion. The principal…Read more on Recent measurements of Antarctic ozone depletion
Observations of forced oscillations of the magnetosphere by a geostationary satellite and an extensive ground magnetometer array
1 January, 1986
We present results from the analysis of magnetometer measurements of one of the clearest observations of a double resonance Pc4 pulsation to date. The Pc4, with a period of 55…Rock moisture content in the field and the laboratory and its relationship to mechanical weathering studies
1 January, 1986
Rock moisture content is a major control of mechanical weathering, particularly freeze‐thaw, and yet almost no data exist from field situations. This study presents moisture content values for rocks, taken…