Showing 13455 items
1 January, 1998 by Peter Ward
An inter-comparison of three commonly reported methods for estimating the stage duration of copepods was made on Calanus helgolandicus from both wild and laboratory-reared populations. These three methods have not…Read more on Moulting rates of Calanus helgolandicus: an inter-comparison of experimental methods
1 January, 1998
Summary: Antarctica was the focus of numerous exploring and commercial expeditions by different nations during the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries and today it is a truly…1 January, 1998
On King George Island during latest Oligocene/earliest Miocene time, submarine eruptions resulted in the emplacement of a small (ca. 500 m estimated original diameter) basalt lava dome at Low Head. The…1 January, 1998
Detrital modes for the sand-size fraction in 24 samples from the CRP- 1 drillcore arc described. Most samples are largely composcd of quart7.o-feldspathic detritus sourced dominantly from Palaeozoic granitoids and…1 January, 1998
This paper describes amplitude modulations in the frequency range 0–500 mHz of ELF/VLF (0.5–4.0 kHz) radio wave power recorded throughout 1993 and 1995 at Halley and South Pole stations, Antarctica,…Read more on Periodic and quasiperiodic ELF/VLF emissions observed by an array of Antarctic stations
1 January, 1998
The VLF database from Halley station, Antarctica, has been searched, and prominent examples of discrete emissions are presented. Risers, fallers, quasiconstant tones, and upward and downward hooks are all common.…Read more on Numerical simulation of VLF risers, fallers, and hooks observed in Antarctica
1 January, 1998
This paper presents results from the first systematic survey of VLF wave activity at Halley, Antarctica (76 °S, 27 °W, L = 4.3). Beginning in 1971, the peak, average and…1 January, 1998 by Andy Smith, David Vaughan
Level-line surveys at a number of sites on the Antarctic Peninsula since the early 1970s have shown a lowering of the ice surface elevation in areas where the climate is…1 January, 1998
Optically derived upper thermospheric wind and temperature data, collected at Antarctic stations at South Pole (L = 14), Mawson (L = 9.3), and Halley (L = 4.6), and averaged over…1 January, 1998
An investigation was carried out on the recently discovered ‘giant’ extra large (XL) form of the squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis from the Arabian Sea. The sample consisted of 2 males, which…1 January, 1998 by Andrew Clarke
The reproductive and larval biology of the common Antarctic cushion-star Odontaster validus Koehler (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) were studied in a shallow-water population at Signy Island in the maritime Antarctic. The gonad…1 January, 1998 by Lloyd Peck
The effects of temperature on development and viability were measured at 14 levels between -2{deg}C and +3{deg}C on embryos of two asteroids (Odontaster validus and Odontaster meridionalis) and an echinoid…1 January, 1998 by William Block
Oribatid mites are an ancient group of cosmopolitan terrestrial arthropods with limited trans-oceanic dispersal abilities. They provide an opportunity to answer questions concerning the role played by Gondwanaland, either as…1 January, 1998 by Eric Wolff
A detailed dielectric profiling (DEP) conductivity profile (σ∞) measured in the 6 m of the basal silty ice sequence from the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core (Summit, Central…1 January, 1998 by Eugene Murphy, Philip Trathan
Data from individual hauls carried out by vessels operating in the South Georgia krill fishery between 1994 and 1996 were examined and a range of descriptive measurements reflecting the fishery…Read more on Analysis of haul data from the South Georgia krill fishery
1 January, 1998 by Eugene Murphy, Philip Trathan
Macaroni penguins are the main avian consumer of Antarctic krill in the vicinity of South Georgia. The largest breeding colonies occur on small offshore islands to the northwest of the…1 January, 1998 by Gareth Marshall, John Turner, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
Daily precipitation fields and annual means from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts re-analysis exercise are used to examine the distribution and variability of precipitation across the Antarctic Peninsula.…1 January, 1998 by Gareth Marshall, John Turner, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
Satellite imagery of the Antarctic Peninsula, Bellingshausen Sea, and Weddell Sea region, together with operational meteorological analyses, are used to investigate the development, tracks, and structure of synoptic-scale weather systems…1 January, 1998 by Anna Jones, Howard Roscoe
Comparisons of total column ozone measurements from Dobson, Brewer and SAOZ instruments are presented for the period 1990 to 1995 at seven stations covering the mid- and the high northern…1 January, 1998
The metazoan meiobenthos was investigated in an Antarctic coastal sediment (Factory Cove, Signy Island, Antarctica). The fine sands contained much higher abundances compared to major sublittoral sediments worldwide. Classified second…1 January, 1998
Ar–Ar laserprobe dating suggests that in western Palmer Land, plutons associated with a curvilinear belt of positive magnetic anomalies along the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula, the Pacific Margin…1 January, 1998 by David Vaughan
A digital elevation model (DEM) of the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet is compared with a simple two-dimensional ice-flow model to illuminate gross distortions (>500 m) of the ice-surface…1 January, 1998
The capture of 52 specimens of the cirrate octopod Grimpoteuthis glacialis (Robson, 1930), of dorsal mantle length 20-165 mm during a 1996 trawling survey near the Antarctic Peninsula allowed the…1 January, 1998 by Paul Rodhouse
This study is based on the large, mostly unreported collections of histioteuthids that have accumulated since the family was first revised by Voss in 1969. Of primary importance are the…1 January, 1998 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
Continuous year round records of atmospheric sea-salt concentrations have been recovered at three coastal Antarctic stations (Halley, Dumont D'Urville, and Neumayer) at temporal resolutions typically between 1 day and 2…1 January, 1998 by Eric Wolff
Records of atmospheric nitrate were obtained by year-round aerosol sampling at Neumayer and Dumont D'Urville stations, located in the Atlantic and Pacific sector of coastal Antarctica, respectively. Where possible, evaluation…Read more on Atmospheric near-surface nitrate at coastal Antarctic sites
1 January, 1998 by Michael Pinnock
Results of an HF radar study of convection during an extended quiet solar wind interval on March 10 1997 are presented. After thirty hours during which the solar wind met…1 January, 1998
Seasonal haul-out patterns and diet of individually marked leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) were investigated at Bird Island, South Georgia during the 1983–96 winters. A total of 2956 leopard seal sightings…1 January, 1998 by Richard Horne
The dominant features of Jovian whistlers observed by Voyager 1 in the inner cold torus around RJ ≈ 5.3 are studied using the technique of ray tracing with an offset…Read more on Cold torus whistlers: An indirect probe of the inner Jovian plasmasphere
1 January, 1998 by Richard Horne
The dispersion of unducted lightning-generated whistlers observed by Voyager 1 in the warm torus around density peaks at L = 5.7 and L = 5.9 are analyzed using the HOTRAY…1 January, 1998 by Peter Ward
Egg hatching times were determined at a range of temperatures for four species of commonly occurring Antarctic copepods. At a given temperature the eggs of Rhincalanus gigas took longest to…1 January, 1998
New Pb, Nd, and Sr isotope data are presented for geochemically similar, ∼1.1–1.2 Ga, granitoids and tonalitic‐granitic orthogneisses from Antarctica, southern Africa, and the Falkland Islands and adjoining plateau, areas…Read more on Pb, Nd, and Sr isotope mapping of Grenville‐age crustal provinces in Rodinia
1 January, 1998 by Philip Leat
Mafic dykes of the Antarctic Peninsula continental-margin arc are compositionally diverse, comprising calc-alkaline (dominant), shoshonite, tholeiite, and OIB-like varieties. Their compositions give information about different mafic magma sources tapped during…1 January, 1998 by Michael Pinnock
We have found flow burst features in the nightside ionosphere that are thought to be the ionospheric signature of distant tail reconnection. These are observed to form just prior to…Read more on Localized activation of the distant tail neutral line just prior to substorm onsets
1 January, 1998 by Jonathan Watkins
Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba Dana, a major component in the southern ocean food web, typically occur in aggregations that range from small, discrete swarms and schools through to layers and…Read more on Layers of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba : are they just long krill swarms?
1 January, 1998 by Mark Clilverd
We report measured levels of very low frequency (VLF) radio noise at ∼10 kHz, due to lightning sferics, observed at Halley Station, Antarctica (76°S, 27°W) between 1971 and 1996. The…1 January, 1998 by William Block
Soil warming experiments were conducted in tundra heath and polar semi-desert soils at the High Arctic location of Ny-Alesund, West Spitsbergen, Svalbard, The warming treatment resulted in an 8-10% increase…1 January, 1998 by Andrew Clarke
At first sight, the life-history strategies adopted by Antarctic fish appear to be a paradox. The majority of fish species are demersal and inhabit the peri-Antarctic islands that are isolated,…Read more on Development, dispersal and recruitment: A paradox for survival among Antarctic fish
1 January, 1998 by Roger Worland
The mechanism by which the freeze susceptible Arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus survives winter temperatures of −25°C in the field is not fully understood but exposure to sub-zero temperatures (e.g. −2.5°C)…1 January, 1998
Plankton samples were collected from 10 depths at 25 stations spaced at intervals of about 4° of latitude along a transect from the British Isles to the Falkland Islands. Four…Read more on Picoplanktonic community structure on an Atlantic transect from 50°N to 50°S
1 January, 1998 by William Block
Amylolytic activity was measured in whole body homogenates of High Arctic (Onychiurus arcticus) and temperate (Protaphorura armata) springtails (Collembola: Onychiuridae) in the temperature range 5–55°C. A pH of ca. 8…1 January, 1998 by Claire Waluda
A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to test hypotheses regarding the spatial distribution of the squid Loligo forbesi and Loligo vulgaris vulgaris in the northern North-East Atlantic during the…1 December, 1997 by Peter Convey
1. 1. Features of life history strategies of Antarctic terrestrial invertebrates are reviewed and compared with the predictions of two widely-used general life history models. 2. 2. Many features observed…1 December, 1997 by Richard Horne
We have used 1-year's data from the recently installed Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies (MACCS) in Arctic Canada and from two stations of the developing “conjugate” array of…1 December, 1997
Perturbations in the geomagnetic field at the Earth's surface can result from variations in the neutral wind field in the lower thermosphere through dynamo action in the interfused ionospheric E…1 December, 1997
The mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari) is a prominent member of the coastal fish fauna of the Seasonal Pack-Ice Zone and the islands north of it. Separated into a number of…1 December, 1997
The dispersal of algae and cyanobacteria at three Antarctic fellfield sites was investigated using microscopic and culture analysis of samples from active and passive air samplers Intersite variation in the…Read more on Airborne dispersal of antarctic terrestrial algae and cyanobacteria
1 December, 1997 by William Block
Cold-resistance studies of marine invertebrates have concentrated on intertidal sedentary organisms, which are often subjected to subzero air temperatures in winter. Mobile rock pool inhabitants have been rarely studied because…1 December, 1997 by Alistair Crame, Teal Riley
New exposures of fossiliferous sedimentary rocks at Cape Framnes, Jason Peninsula (65°57′S, 60°33′W) are assigned to the Middle–Late Jurassic Latady Formation of the south-eastern Antarctic Peninsula region. A sequence of…1 December, 1997 by Philip Leat
Compositions and distributions of mafic dykes in the Antarctic Peninsula continental arc show that tapping of several mantle sources was tectonically controlled. In the Cretaceous to Tertiary, between 135 Ma…1 December, 1997
Antarctic cartographers face many challenges. They are required to prepare accurate maps of a remote and dangerous environment in support of science programmes, logistic operations, and search and rescue activities.…1 December, 1997
The chrysophyte stomatocyst flora from 36 moss samples from Stromness Bay area on the subantarctic island of South Georgia is decribed, using both light and scanning electron microscopy. A total…1 November, 1997
A large ultra-oligotrophic Antarctic freshwater lake, Crooked Lake, was investigated between January 1993 and November 1993. The water column supported a small phytoplankton community limited by temperature, nutrient availability and,…1 November, 1997
The digital ionospheric sounder, or dynasonde, located at the British Antarctic Survey's research station at Halley, Antarctica, has recently been operated as an imaging Doppler interferometer (IDI). The implementation of…1 November, 1997
Well-documented present-day distributions of stable water isotopes (HDO and H218O) show the existence, in middle and high latitudes, of a linear relationship between the mean annual isotope content of precipitation…Read more on Validity of the temperature reconstruction from water isotopes in ice cores
1 November, 1997 by Peter Convey
Aerobiological studies were conducted for >1 year using arrays of rotorod samplers at three sites on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, maritime Antarctic. Spores of five bryophyte taxa were identified,…Read more on Dispersal of moss propagules on Signy Island, maritime Antarctic
1 November, 1997
At the northern edge of the Weddell Gyre, Antarctica, fine-grained sediments accumulate beneath eastward-flowing Weddell Sea Bottom Water. We report on sediment trap material and core tops from four sites,…1 November, 1997 by Eric Wolff
High-resolution continuous profiles were obtained on the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core using two different electrical methods. After correction for temperature and density, the electrical conductivity method (ECM)…1 October, 1997
A retrospective analysis of accidents involving snowmobiles experienced by members of the British Antarctic Survey between 1989 and 1996 revealed 37 injured individuals (or 1.9% of new consultations). The mean…1 October, 1997
Using a hierarchy of climate models together with observations from gridded analyses, I examine the atmosphere-only and coupled ocean-atmosphere variability in the general circulation for the region south of 40 °S.…Read more on Variability in annual mean circulation in southern high latitudes
1 October, 1997
Prince Gustav Ice Shelf, situated between James Ross Island and Trinity Peninsula at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, West Antarctica, has retreated rapidly between 1989 and 1995. This…Read more on Historical observations of Prince Gustav Ice Shelf
1 October, 1997
Rates of carbon flux in 14 species of Antarctic bryophytes were measured under controlled conditions using an infra-red gas analysis system. The results were used to produce estimates of mode!…1 October, 1997
Mites of the genera Halolaelaps and Phaulodinychus (Gamasida), together with Histiostoma (Acaridida) (Acarina: Chelicerata), occur amongst tidal debris strandlines on the sandy shores of the South Wales coast. Phoretic deuteronymphs…1 October, 1997 by Anna Jones, Howard Roscoe
Measurements of total ozone at Faraday, Antarctica (65°S), by a visible spectrometer show a winter maximum. This new observation is consistent with the descent of air within the polar vortex…Read more on Midwinter start to Antarctic ozone depletion: evidence from observations and models
1 October, 1997 by William Block
Rates of water loss were determined for four Coleoptera species: the herbivores Hydromedion sparsutum, Perimylops antarcticus (Family Perimylopidae) and the carnivores Trechisibus antarcticus, Oopterus soledadinus (Family Carabidae) collected during summer…Read more on Responses to desiccation in four Coleopterans from sub-Antarctic South Georgia
1 October, 1997 by Peter Ward
A regional comparison of the life cycle of Rhincalanus gigas was undertaken on the basis of selected net haul data collected in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean between…1 September, 1997
The Raman microscopic analysis of a cryptoendolithic lichen community in sandstone from East Beacon Ridge, Victoria Land, Antarctica, is described for the first time. The Raman spectra from the crustal,…1 September, 1997 by John King, Steve Colwell
An analysis of a long-term surface air temperature record for Fossil Bluff in the George VI Sound, West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) documents in detail some important aspects of the climate…1 September, 1997
Morphological descriptions of the seeds of eight phanerogamic species are provided together with observations on the dispersal of the seeds and the habitats of parent plants. These are discussed in…Read more on Ecology and seed morphology of endemic species from Kerguelen Phytogeographic Zone
1 September, 1997
Foraging grey-headed albatrosses spent 86% of the night but only 20% of the day sitting on the sea; most diving activity occurred during daylight. During the broad-guard period of nesting,…1 August, 1997 by Robert Larter
Despite a spreading rate of 65–70 km Ma−1, the East Scotia Ridge has, along most of its length, a form typically associated with slower rates of sea floor spreading. This…Read more on Subduction influence on magma supply at the East Scotia Ridge
1 August, 1997 by Eric Wolff
The measured density and conductivity of a 181 m ice core are used to calculate a profile of complex reflection coefficients. It is confirmed that the amplitude reflection coefficients due…1 August, 1997
Effects of summer food shortage on king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus chicks were studied at South Georgia. Two cohorts were compared, fledging in the austral summers of 1992 (n = 32) and 1994…1 August, 1997
Mesozooplankton abundance, community structure and grazing impact were determined during late austral summer (February/March) 1994 at eight oceanic stations near South Georgia using samples collected with a Bongo and WP-2…1 August, 1997 by Howard Roscoe
Vertical profiles of NO2 are retrieved from ground-based UV-visible slant columns by sequential estimation, using a forward model that consists of a stacked box photochemical model and a radiative transfer…1 August, 1997 by Mark Clilverd
In a previous study it was reported that whistler- mode signals received at Faraday, Antarctica (65°S,64°W) and Dunedin, New Zealand (46°S, 171°E) with entry regions in Pacific longitudes (typically from…1 August, 1997
The influence of feeding state on cold-adapted metabolism was investigated in the adults of two carabid beetles, Trechisibus antarcticus and Oopterus soledadinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae), which have been introduced to sub-Antarctic…1 August, 1997 by Eric Wolff
Data on the relationship between the electrical conductivity and the chemistry of ice cores from the polar regions are summarized. The electrical conductivity measurement is used as a proxy for…Read more on Factors controlling the electrical conductivity of ice from the polar regions-A Summary
1 July, 1997
Monitoring was undertaken of the fate in the marine environment of an accidental spill of diesel fuel (1000 litres) from Faraday Research Station, Galindez Island, Antarctica in March 1992. On…1 July, 1997
The diets of six of the main seabird species (two petrels, two albatrosses, two penguins) breeding at Bird Island, South Georgia were studied simultaneously during the chick-rearing period in 1986.…Read more on Dietary segregation of krill-eating South Georgia seabirds
1 July, 1997
Mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari are widespread on the South Georgia (54° S, 36° W) shelf. Analysis of condition indicated a strong interannual variation. High condition indices, indicative of good feeding…Read more on Interannual variation in condition of the mackerel icefish
1 July, 1997
We investigated the relationship between surface-foraging prions Pachyptila spp. and their zooplankton prey by comparing counts of foraging birds with near-surface concentrations of zooplankton from net samples. Zooplankton abundance was…1 July, 1997
Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous rocks of the Byers Group, exposed on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, record the expansion of Gondwana-margin continental-arc facies into a marine intra-arc basin. At least 1.3 km…1 July, 1997
Fore-arc magmatic sequences associated with high Mg number andesite lavas unconformably overlie LeMay Group accretionary complex in Alexander Island. High-resolution 40Ar/39Ar, U–Pb zircon, fission track and K–Ar ages demonstrate that…Read more on The age and stratigraphy of fore-arc megmatism on Alexander Island, Antarctica