Etching channels and grain-boundary grooves on ice surfaces in the scanning electron microscope
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
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Hf isotope evidence for selective mobility of high-field-strength elements in a subduction setting: South Sandwich Islands
1 January, 2006 by Philip Leat
176Hf/177Hf isotopes provide information about the behaviour of so-called immobile elements in subduction environments. Early studies of Hf isotopes in subduction zones reached different conclusions regarding the mobility of high-field-strength…Observations of the wavenumber 1 and 2 components of the semi-diurnal tide over Antarctica
1 January, 2006
This paper combines four years of radar wind data from Halley and Scott Base in an attempt to resolve the zonal structure of the semi-diurnal tide over Antarctica and to…Stable isotopes indicate sex-specific and long-term individual foraging specialisation in diving seabirds
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
An important aspect of foraging ecology is the extent to which different individuals or genders within a population exploit food resources in a different manner. For diving seabirds, much of…Development and evaluation of a DNA-barcoding approach for the rapid identification of nematodes
1 January, 2006
Free-living nematodes are abundant in all marine habitats, are highly diverse, and can be useful for monitoring anthropogenic impacts on the environment. Despite such attributes, nematodes are effectively ignored by…Aerosol deposited in East Antarctica over the last glacial cycle: detailed apportionment of continental and sea-salt contributions
1 January, 2006
The major ions, sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), and chloride (Cl−), deposited in central Antarctica and preserved in ice cores originate from both marine and continental sources. They provide important proxy…Evidence for geographic isolation and signs of endemism within a protistan morphospecies
1 January, 2006
The possible existence of endemism among microorganisms resulting from and preserved by geographic isolation is one of the most controversial topics in microbial ecology. We isolated 31 strains of "Spumella-like"…Antarctic sessile marine benthos: colonisation and growth on artificial substrata over three years
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes, Lloyd Peck
The development of sessile invertebrate assemblages on hard substrata has been studied extensively in temperate and tropical latitudes. Such studies provide insights into a range of ecological processes, and the…Use of moored acoustic instruments to measure short-term variability in abundance of Antarctic krill
1 January, 2006 by Eugene Murphy, Peter Enderlein
Upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) (300 kHz) and echosounders (125 kHz) were deployed on moorings at South Georgia to measure abundance of Antarctic krill continuously over several months. Echoes…The future of ice core science
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
Cores drilled through the polar ice sheets provide information about past climate and environmental conditions on timescales from decades to hundreds of millennia, and direct records of changes in the…The future of ice coring: International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS)
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
Ice cores provide information about past climate and environmental conditions on timescales from decades to hundreds of millennia, and direct records of the composition of the atmosphere. As such, they…Read more on The future of ice coring: International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS)
On the timing of moulting processes in reproductively active Northern krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica
1 January, 2006 by Geraint Tarling
The interactions between moult phasing, growth and environmental cues in Northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) were examined through analysing populations at seasonal, weekly, and daily timescales. The analyses were carried out…Biogeochemical fluxes through mesozooplankton
1 January, 2006
Mesozooplankton are significant consumers of phytoplankton, and have a significant impact on the oceanic biogeochemical cycles of carbon and other elements. Their contribution to vertical particle flux is much larger…Extrapair paternities in black-browed Thalassarche melanophris, grey-headed T. chrysostoma and wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans at South Georgia
1 January, 2006
Extrapair paternities (EPP) are relatively common in passerines, but rare in seabirds. Like most seabirds, albatrosses are long lived, form long-term pair bonds and require biparental care for chick-rearing. Microsatellite…Influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on anthropogenic transport recorded in northwest Greenland ice cores
1 January, 2006
Nitrate records from six Greenland ice cores covering the period 1789 to 1995 show a significant correlation in concentration for averaging periods greater than 10 years, as well as an…Interactions between climate, vegetation and the active layer in soils at two Maritime Antarctic sites
1 January, 2006
In the summer 2000–01, thermal monitoring of the permafrost active layer within various terrestrial sites covered by lichen, moss or grasses was undertaken at Jubany (King George Island) and Signy…Evolution of secretin family GPCR members in the metazoa
1 January, 2006 by Melody Clark
Background Comparative approaches using protostome and deuterostome data have greatly contributed to understanding gene function and organismal complexity. The family 2 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest…Read more on Evolution of secretin family GPCR members in the metazoa
A comparison of global estimates of marine primary production from ocean color
1 January, 2006
The third primary production algorithm round robin (PPARR3) compares output from 24 models that estimate depth-integrated primary production from satellite measurements of ocean color, as well as seven general circulation…Read more on A comparison of global estimates of marine primary production from ocean color
Factors affecting the solution of a parental dilemma in albatrosses: at what age should chicks be left unattended?
1 January, 2006 by Jaume Forcada, Richard Phillips
With rare exceptions, avian offspring are continuously attended by one parent for at least the first few days after hatching. The duration of this phase of the nesting cycle is…Senescence effects in an extremely long-lived bird: the grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
Studies attempting to document reproductive or other pre-lethal senescence effects in wild birds typically face an array of problems, including flaws in statistical analyses, non-adaptive philopatry to deteriorating environments, confounding…Stable isotope evidence of diverse species-specific and individual wintering strategies in seabirds
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
Although there is increasing evidence that climatic variations during the non-breeding season shape population dynamics of seabirds, most aspects of their winter distribution and ecology remain essentially unknown. We used…Polar mesospheric clouds observed by an iron Boltzmann lidar at Rothera (67.5°S, 68.0°W), Antarctica from 2002 to 2005: properties and implications
1 January, 2006
Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMC) were made at Rothera, Antarctica, from December 2002 to March 2005. Overall, 128 hours of PMC were detected among the 459 hours of…Statistical characteristics of the spatial distribution of Pc3-4 geomagnetic pulsations at high latitudes in the Antarctic regions
1 January, 2006
The diumal variations in the parameters of Pc3 (20–60 mHz) and Pc4 (10–19 mHz) pulsations at latitudes of the dayside cusp and polar cap have been studied using data of…Seasonal and diurnal dependences of Pc3 and Pc4 geomagnetic pulsation power at very high latitudes
1 January, 2006
Introduction In our studies [Chugunova et al., 2002,03,04] we found the occurrence of ULF waves in the nominal Рс3-4 band in the polar cap. About 15% of this ULF activity…An introduction to EASIZ (Ecology of the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone): an integrated programme of water column, benthos and bentho-pelagic coupling in the coastal environment of Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke
The EASIZ (Ecology of the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone) programme ran from 1994 to 2004, and involved over 150 scientists from more than 17 countries. The main scientific aim was…Climate, energy and diversity
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke
In recent years, a number of species–energy hypotheses have been developed to explain global patterns in plant and animal diversity. These hypotheses frequently fail to distinguish between fundamentally different forms…The importance of atmospheric precipitation in storm-time relativistic electron flux drop outs
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
During the sudden decrease of geosynchronous electron flux (>2 MeV) of 17:10–17:20 UT, January 21, 2005 large-scale precipitation into the atmosphere was observed. Estimates from ground-based radio propagation experiments at…Modeling polar ionospheric effects during the October-November 2003 solar proton events
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
At Ny Ålesund, Svalbard (78°54′N, 11°53′E, L ∼ 18), a narrowband VLF receiver was used to monitor the behavior of the amplitude of several high-power transmitters located in the Northern…Read more on Modeling polar ionospheric effects during the October-November 2003 solar proton events
Predicting Solar Cycle 24 and beyond
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
We use a model for sunspot number using low-frequency solar oscillations, with periods 22, 53, 88, 106, 213, and 420 years modulating the 11-year Schwabe cycle, to predict the peak…Hypolithic colonization of opaque rocks in the Arctic and Antarctic polar desert
1 January, 2006
The colonization of the underside of rocks normally requires that the material is sufficiently translucent to allow the penetration of photosynthetically active radiation. We examined the underside of 950 opaque…Read more on Hypolithic colonization of opaque rocks in the Arctic and Antarctic polar desert
Southern Ocean cephalopods
1 January, 2006 by Martin Collins, Paul Rodhouse
The Southern Ocean cephalopod fauna is distinctive, with high levels of endemism in the squid and particularly in the octopodids. Loliginid squid, sepiids and sepiolids are absent from the Southern…Taxonomy, ecology and behaviour of the cirrate octopods
1 January, 2006 by Martin Collins
The cirrate octopods are deep-sea, cold-adapted cephalopod molluscs that are found throughout the world's oceans, usually at depths in excess of 300 m, but shallower in cold water at high…Read more on Taxonomy, ecology and behaviour of the cirrate octopods
Results from the implementation of the Elastic Viscous Plastic sea ice rheology in HadCM3
1 January, 2006
We present results of an implementation of the Elastic Viscous Plastic (EVP) sea ice dynamics scheme into the Hadley Centre coupled ocean-atmosphere climate model HadCM3. Although the large-scale simulation of…Responses of terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems to climate change
1 January, 2006 by Peter Convey
Antarctic terrestrial biota are generally limited by the inexorably linked environmental factors of low summer temperature and lack of available water. However, in parts of the Antarctic, both these factors…Read more on Responses of terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems to climate change
Geothermal bryophyte habitats in the South Sandwich Islands, maritime Antarctic
1 January, 2006 by Peter Convey
Question: How does geothermal activity influence terrestrial plant colonization, species composition and community development in the Antarctic? Location: South Sandwich Islands, maritime Antarctic. Methods: Bryophytes were documented during a biological…Read more on Geothermal bryophyte habitats in the South Sandwich Islands, maritime Antarctic
Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: responses to environmental change
1 January, 2006 by Peter Convey
The consequences of climate change are exciting considerable concern worldwide. Parts of Antarctica are facing the most rapid rates of anthropogenic climate change currently seen on the planet. This paper…Read more on Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: responses to environmental change
Morphological differences in Lissarca notorcadensis Melvill and Standen, 1907 from the Scotia, Weddell and Ross Seas
1 January, 2006 by Katrin Linse
The isolated Southern Ocean has given rise to specially adapted, endemic species. The uniformity of physical conditions within the Southern Ocean south of the Polar Front is thought to limit…Direct measurements of ice-shelf bottom melting rates by phase sensitive radar
1 January, 2006 by Adrian Jenkins, Hugh Corr, Keith Nicholls
This paper describes the novel technique of using a phase-sensitive radio-echo system to determine the basal melt rate along a short profile near Halley Station on the Brunt Ice Shelf.…Read more on Direct measurements of ice-shelf bottom melting rates by phase sensitive radar
Unsynchronized and synchronized vertical migration of zooplankton in a high arctic fjord
1 January, 2006 by Geraint Tarling
We measured vertical migration of zooplankton in an arctic fjord at 79uN between June and September 2002 and transcending a period of continuous illumination to one of true day and…Mid-Cretaceous stratigraphy of the James Ross Basin, Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Alistair Crame
The extensive Cretaceous sedimentary sequence exposed within the James Ross Basin, Antarctica, is critical for regional stratigraphic correlations in the Southern Hemisphere, and also for our understanding of the radiation…Read more on Mid-Cretaceous stratigraphy of the James Ross Basin, Antarctica
Evidence for a lacustrine faunal refuge in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica, during the Last Glacial Maximum
1 January, 2006 by Dominic Hodgson
Aim There is no previous direct evidence for the occurrence of lacustrine refuges for invertebrate fauna in Antarctica spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In the absence of verified LGM…ESA’s new range of radar altimeters for the extraction of geophysical parameters from land, sea ice and ocean surfaces
1 January, 2006
Despite the loss of CryoSat, ESA’s first Earth opportunity mission, during its launch sequence in Oct 2005 ESA have been fortunate enough to have acquired, processed to Level 1b and…Extrinsic and intrinsic determinants of winter foraging and breeding phenology in a temperate seabird
1 January, 2006 by Janet Silk, Vsevolod Afanasyev
In temperate regions, winter presents animals with a number of challenges including depressed food abundance, increased daily energy requirements, higher frequency of extreme weather events and shortened day length. Overcoming…Statistics of sporadic iron and relation to atmospheric dynamics
1 January, 2006
At Rothera Research Station (67.3°S, 68.1°W), Antarctica, 296 h of day and nighttime Fe-Boltzmann temperature lidar data were accumulated in 2003. During this time, sporadic iron layers (FeS) were observed…Read more on Statistics of sporadic iron and relation to atmospheric dynamics
Polarisation of radio waves transmitted through Brunt Ice Shelf
1 January, 2006 by Hugh Corr
The polarisation behaviour of radar waves transmitted through Brunt Ice Shelf at a site near Halley has been investigated using a step-frequency radar with a centre frequency of 300 MHz…Read more on Polarisation of radio waves transmitted through Brunt Ice Shelf
Interpretation of polarimetric ice penetrating radar data over Antarctic ice shelves
1 January, 2006 by Adrian Jenkins, Hugh Corr, Keith Nicholls
We have collected ice penetrating polarimetric radar data on Brunt, George VI and Ronne ice shelves using a vector network analyser as a continuous wave (CW) step-frequency radar. Being a…Read more on Interpretation of polarimetric ice penetrating radar data over Antarctic ice shelves
Small basins in the Scotia Sea: the Eocene Drake Passage gateway
1 January, 2006
After isostatic correction for their sedimentary fill, the depths of two small oceanic basins in the southern Scotia Sea suggest that both started to open in mid to late Eocene…Read more on Small basins in the Scotia Sea: the Eocene Drake Passage gateway
Spring stopover routines in Russian Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis tracked by resightings and geolocation
1 January, 2006 by Vsevolod Afanasyev
By attaching 9-g loggers (recording dusk and dawn times to a memory chip) to the coded leg rings of Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis caught in a breeding colony at Tobseda…Climatologies of nighttime upper thermospheric winds measured by ground-based Fabry-Perot interferometers during geomagnetically quiet conditions: 1. Local time, latitudinal, seasonal, and solar cycle dependence
1 January, 2006
We analyze ground-based Fabry-Perot interferometer observations of upper thermospheric (∼250 km) horizontal neutral winds derived from Doppler shifts in the 630.0 nm (red line) nightglow. The winds were measured over…Climatologies of nighttime upper thermospheric winds measured by ground-based Fabry-Perot interferometers during geomagnetically quiet conditions: 2. High-latitude circulation and interplanetary magnetic field dependence
1 January, 2006
We analyze upper thermospheric (∼250 km) nighttime horizontal neutral wind patterns, during geomagnetically quiet (Kp < 3) conditions, over the following locations: South Pole (90°S), Halley (76°S, 27°W), Millstone Hill…Regional variations of mesospheric gravity-wave momentum flux over Antarctica
1 January, 2006
Images of mesospheric airglow and radar-wind measurements have been combined to estimate the difference in the vertical flux of horizontal momentum carried by high-frequency gravity waves over two dissimilar Antarctic…Read more on Regional variations of mesospheric gravity-wave momentum flux over Antarctica
A microwave radiometer for the remote sensing of nitric oxide and ozone in the middle atmosphere
1 January, 2006
Nitric oxide, which reacts catalytically to destroy ozone, can be produced in great abundance in the middle atmosphere during energetic particle precipitation triggered by solar storms. During the Antarctic winter,…Transport of antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) across the Scotia Sea. Part II: Krill growth and survival
1 January, 2006 by Eugene Murphy
A time-dependent, size-structured, physiologically based krill growth model was used in conjunction with a circulation model to test the hypothesis that Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) populations at South Georgia are…The fieldwork during the “Polarstern” cruise ANT XVI/2 as a contribution to the study of bottom water formation and sea ice transport in the Weddell Sea
1 January, 2006 by Adrian Jenkins, Keith Nicholls
The field work during ”Polarstern” cruise ANT XVI/2 aimed to measure circulation and water mass properties in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, to investigate the contribution of the…Sea ice is a mushy layer
1 January, 2006
Sea ice is a two-phase, two-component, reactive porous medium: an example of what is known in other contexts as a mushy layer. The fundamental conservation laws underlying the mathematical description…New aerogeophysical view of the Antarctic Peninsula: more pieces, less puzzle
1 January, 2006 by Fausto Ferraccioli, Philip Leat
New airborne geophysical data reveal subglacial imprints of crustal growth of the Antarctic Peninsula by Mesozoic arc magmatism and terrane accretion along the paleo-Pacific margin of Gondwana. Potential field signatures…Read more on New aerogeophysical view of the Antarctic Peninsula: more pieces, less puzzle
The source of granitic gneisses and migmatites in the Antarctic Peninsula: a combined U-Pb SHRIMP and laser ablation Hf isotope study of complex zircons
1 January, 2006
Zircons gneisses and migmatites collected from the Antarctic Peninsula have different core–rim hafnium isotope ratio relationships depending on whether evidence for zircon dissolution is present or absent. Two samples contain…Contrasting population changes in sympatric penguin species in association with climate warming
1 January, 2006 by Eugene Murphy, Jaume Forcada, Philip Trathan
Climate warming and associated sea ice reductions in Antarctica have modified habitat conditions for some species. These include the congeneric Adélie, chinstrap and gentoo penguins, which now demonstrate remarkable population…Population abundance, structure and turnover estimates for leopard seals during winter dispersal combining tagging and photo-identification data
1 January, 2006 by Jaume Forcada
Winter dispersal in leopard seals is poorly understood because of its low density in most of its range. By combining photo-identification and tagging data from Bird Island, South Georgia, in…A unique assemblage of epibenthic sessile suspension feeders with archaic features in the high-Antarctic
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke
We suggest that the epibenthic communities of passive suspension feeders that dominate some high-Antarctic seafloors present unique archaic features that are the result of long isolation, together with the effects…ADMAP – a digital magnetic anomaly map of the Antarctic
1 January, 2006 by Fausto Ferraccioli
For a number of years the multi-national ADMAP working group has been compiling near surface and satellite magnetic data in the region south of 60° S. By the end of…Read more on ADMAP – a digital magnetic anomaly map of the Antarctic
A new automated logging gateway to study the demographics of macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) at Bird Island, South Georgia: testing the reliability of the system using radio telemetry
1 January, 2006 by Mark Preston, Philip Trathan
The use of automated systems to record the identity of individual penguins and their movements in and out of a colony can provide an effective means of studying penguin biology…Fortnightly variations in the flow velocity of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Hilmar Gudmundsson
Most of the ice lost from the Antarctic ice sheet passes through a few fast-flowing and highly dynamic ice streams(1). Quantifying temporal variations in flow in these ice streams, and…Read more on Fortnightly variations in the flow velocity of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
Solar influences on polar modes of variability
1 January, 2006
We present a multiple regression analysis of time series of the leading modes of variability in high latitudes, the Northern and Southern Annular Modes (NAM and SAM). The potential forcing…Distribution, lithofacies and environmental context of Neogene glacial sequences on James Ross and Vega islands, Antarctic Peninsula
1 January, 2006 by Alistair Crame
Considerable controversy exists concerning the stability of the Antarctic Ice Sheet during the Neogene Period. The northern Antarctic Peninsula is in a critical position in this debate as it represents…Atmospheric circulation impacts on winter maximum sea ice extent in the west Antarctic Peninsula region (1979-2001)
1 January, 2006
Increasing evidence exists that the strong warming of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region since the 1950s is related to reduced sea ice that is likely to be due to…The role of the atmospheric circulation in the record minimum extent of open water in the Ross Sea in the 2003 austral summer
1 January, 2006
The contribution of the atmospheric circulation to a record minimum extent of open water in the polar Ross Sea (RS) region in the 2003 austral summer is examined. Two major…Habitat temperature and the temporal scaling of cold hardening in the high Arctic collembolan, Hypogastrura tullbergi (Schäffer)
1 January, 2006 by Roger Worland
1. Cold tolerance is a fundamental adaptation of insects to high latitudes. Flexibility in the cold hardening process, in turn, provides a useful indicator of the extent to which polar…Ecologically realistic modalities in arthropod supercooling point distributions
1 January, 2006 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
Modality in the supercooling points of cold tolerant but freezing intolerant terrestrial arthropods has proved a pragmatically reliable means of distinguishing between summer and winter cold hardiness in such species.…Read more on Ecologically realistic modalities in arthropod supercooling point distributions
ASIRAS airborne radar resolves internal annual layers in the dry-snow zone of Greenland
1 January, 2006
We present data from the European Space Agency's Airborne SAR/Interferometric Radar Altimeter System (ASIRAS), flown during the CryoVex 2004 field calibration/validation campaign, and new, high-resolution depth profiles of snow density…Read more on ASIRAS airborne radar resolves internal annual layers in the dry-snow zone of Greenland
Borehole optical stratigraphy and neutron-scattering density measurements at Summit, Greenland
1 January, 2006
We have made side-by-side measurements in several boreholes at Summit, Greenland, using borehole optical stratigraphy (BOS) and neutron-scattering density logging techniques. The BOS logs show strong positive correlation at shallow…Palaeoclimate analysis of Late Cretaceous of angiosperm leaf floras, James Ross Island, Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Alistair Crame
The fossilized remains of Cretaceous angiosperm leaves are preserved within sandstones and siltstones of the Coniacian Hidden Lake Formation (Gustav Group) and the Santonian-early Campanian Santa Marta Formation (Marambio Group)…Vegetation cover in a warmer world simulated using a dynamic global vegetation model for the mid Pliocene
1 January, 2006
In this study we employ the TRIFFID (Top-down Representation of Interactive Flora and Foliage Including Dynamics) Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) and the Hadley Centre Atmospheric General Circulation Model version…Physiological traits of organisms in a changing environment
1 January, 2006 by Peter Convey
Antarctic ecosystems represent one extreme of the continuum of environmental conditions across the planet. To our eyes, the environment appears harsh but, even though terrestrial biological diversity is restricted, a…Read more on Physiological traits of organisms in a changing environment
Miocene reversal of bottom water flow along the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula: stratigraphic evidence from a contourite sedimentary tail
1 January, 2006 by Robert Larter
A Fossil Mounded Sedimentary Body (MB) has been identified in the sedimentary record on the central continental rise west of Adelaide Island, on the Antarctic Peninsula Pacific margin. The growth…Mean winds and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere above Halley, Antarctica
1 January, 2006
An imaging Doppler interferometer (IDI) at Halley, Antarctica (76°S, 26°W) has been used to record near continuous mean winds in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere since December 1996. Monthly mean winds are…Read more on Mean winds and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere above Halley, Antarctica
Modelling Southern Ocean ecosystems: krill, the food-web, and the impacts of harvesting
1 January, 2006 by Eugene Murphy, Philip Trathan, Simeon Hill
The ecosystem approach to fisheries recognises the interdependence between harvested species and other ecosystem components. It aims to account for the propagation of the effects of harvesting through the food-web.…Read more on Modelling Southern Ocean ecosystems: krill, the food-web, and the impacts of harvesting
Polar stratification: A critical view from the Southern Ocean
1 January, 2006 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
Oceanic stratification represents an effective mechanism to reduce vertical mixing of the water column, thereby locking up carbon dioxide (CO2) in the deep sea and preventing air–sea exchange of CO2.…Read more on Polar stratification: A critical view from the Southern Ocean
The role of membrane-like stresses in determining the stability and sensitivity of the Antarctic ice sheets: back pressure and grounding line motion
1 January, 2006 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Membrane stresses act along thin bodies which are relatively well lubricated on both surfaces. They operate in ice sheets because the bottom is either sliding, or is much less viscous…Draping or overriding: the effect of horizontal stress gradients on internal layer architecture in ice sheets
1 January, 2006 by Hilmar Gudmundsson, Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Internal isochronic layers in ice sheets sensed by radar show two characteristic relationships to the basal topography: Either they override it, with layers above the crests of rises lying essentially…Stress gradient damping of thermoviscous ice flow instabilities
1 January, 2006 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Calculations of thermomechanically coupled ice sheet evolution using the shallow ice approximation exhibit the development of fingering instabilities in velocity, temperature, and thickness, which have been argued to resemble and…Read more on Stress gradient damping of thermoviscous ice flow instabilities