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When is the “present”?
1 January, 2007 by Eric Wolff
Recent recommendations for the expression of time units in Quaternary Science Reviews appear still to leave room for confusion. Here, I propose that the entire palaeoclimate community should agree on…Past atmospheric composition and chemistry from ice cores – progress and prospects
1 January, 2007 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff
Ice cores provide the most direct evidence available about the past atmosphere. For long-lived trace gases, ice cores have provided clear evidence that in the last two centuries, concentrations of…Read more on Past atmospheric composition and chemistry from ice cores – progress and prospects
Persistent dynamic correlations in self-organized critical systems away from their critical point
1 January, 2007
We show that correlated dynamics and long time memory persist in self-organized criticality (SOC) systems even when forced away from the defined critical point that exists at vanishing drive strength.…Temporal resolution of cold acclimation and de-acclimation in the Antarctic collembolan, Cryptopygus antarcticus
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland
The Antarctic collembolan, Cryptopygus antarcticus (Willem), can switch its supercooling point (SCP) between 'winter' and 'summer' modes of cold hardiness over a matter of hours. High resolution temporal scaling of…Atmospheric trends and radiative forcings of CF4 and C2F6 inferred from firn air
1 January, 2007 by Robert Mulvaney
The atmospheric histories of two potent greenhouse gases, tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and hexafluoroethane (C2F6), have been reconstructed for the 20th century based on firn air measurements from both hemispheres. The reconstructed…Read more on Atmospheric trends and radiative forcings of CF4 and C2F6 inferred from firn air
Predator–prey interactions: why do larger albatrosses eat bigger squid?
1 January, 2007
The relationship between predator sizes and prey sizes is well documented for terrestrial but rarely for marine ecosystems. We show that wandering albatrosses, the biggest albatross species, feed on larger…Read more on Predator–prey interactions: why do larger albatrosses eat bigger squid?
Interannual variation in cephalopod consumption by albatrosses at South Georgia: implications for future commercial exploitation of cephalopods
1 January, 2007 by Andrew Wood, Paul Rodhouse
Assessing the consumption of prey by predators in the marine environment is key to fisheries assessment and management. Although environmental and ecological variations can affect the consumption of certain prey…Size and structure of bacterial, fungal and nematode communities along an Antarctic environmental gradient
1 January, 2007
The unusually harsh environmental conditions of terrestrial Antarctic habitats result in ecosystems with simplified trophic structures, where microbial processes are especially dominant as drivers of soil-borne nutrient cycling. We examined…Functional microarray analysis of nitrogen and carbon cycling genes across an Antarctic latitudinal transect
1 January, 2007
Soil-borne microbial communities were examined via a functional gene microarray approach across a southern polar latitudinal gradient to gain insight into the environmental factors steering soil Nand C-cycling in terrestrial…Patterns of bacterial diversity across a range of Antarctic terrestrial habitats
1 January, 2007 by David Pearce, Kevin Newsham
Although soil-borne bacteria represent the world's greatest source of biological diversity, it is not well understood whether extreme environmental conditions, such as those found in Antarctic habitats, result in reduced…Read more on Patterns of bacterial diversity across a range of Antarctic terrestrial habitats
Simulation of the climatic effects of natural forcings during the pre-industrial era
1 January, 2007 by Zhaomin Wang
The MPM-2, an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, is employed to study the climate system response to natural forcings during the pre-industrial era (1000-1800 AD), with a special focus…Read more on Simulation of the climatic effects of natural forcings during the pre-industrial era
Response of the inner and outer magnetosphere to solar wind density fluctuations during the recovery phase of a moderate magnetic storm
1 January, 2007
We examine the geomagnetic field and space plasma disturbances developing simultaneously in the solar wind, in the inner and outer magnetosphere, and on the ground from 0730 to 2030 UT…Molecular data can help to unveil biogeographic complexities during the Miocene: lessons from ameronothroid mites and isotomid springtails (Extended abstract 008)
1 January, 2007 by Peter Convey
The diversification of Antarctic springtails and mites is likely to have occurred as a result of the glaciation and isolation of the Antarctic continent completed by ~10 million years ago,…An attempt to locate substorm onsets using Pi1 signatures
1 January, 2007
Pi1 observations, because of their higher frequency, hold the promise of providing better temporal resolution for accurate timing of substorm onsets, thus continuing to be a matter of considerable importance…Read more on An attempt to locate substorm onsets using Pi1 signatures
Locating subglacial sediments across West Antarctica with isostatic gravity anomalies
1 January, 2007 by Fausto Ferraccioli, Tom Jordan
Subglacial sediments are an important control on fast flowing ice in West Antarctica but their spatial distribution over catchment-wide areas is still largely unknown. Previously, airborne gravity anomalies could not…Read more on Locating subglacial sediments across West Antarctica with isostatic gravity anomalies
Importance of seasonal and annual layers in controlling backscatter to radar altimeters across the percolation zone of an ice sheet
1 December, 2006
Radar altimeters are one of the main tools for measuring elevation changes across the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets and larger ice caps. A ground-based radar was deployed in autumn…Microearthquakes and subglacial conditions
1 December, 2006 by Andy Smith
Ten passive seismic recording stations were deployed in a 9 km by 6 km array on Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, to detect microearthquakes from the ice stream bed. The…Variation in physical, chemical and biological components in the subantarctic lakes of South Georgia
1 December, 2006
Physical, chemical and biological variables were quantified in 19 subantarctic lakes (South Georgia) as a prelude to comparing these pristine systems with temperate lakes and to improve the knowledge of…Ionospheric evidence of thermosphere-to-stratosphere descent of polar NOx
1 October, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
During the northern hemisphere winter of 2003–2004 significant levels of stratospheric odd nitrogen (NOX) were observed descending from the mesosphere. Here we study subionospheric radio wave propagation data from Ny…Read more on Ionospheric evidence of thermosphere-to-stratosphere descent of polar NOx
Circumpolar response of Southern Ocean eddy activity to a change in the Southern Annular Mode
1 August, 2006 by Michael Meredith
Analysis of satellite altimeter data reveals anomalously high Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE) in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) during the period 2000–2002. Around 2–3 years earlier (1998), the circumpolar eastward…Submarine pyroclastic deposits formed at the Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat (1995–2003): What happens when pyroclastic flows enter the ocean?
1 July, 2006
The Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, West Indies, has undergone a series of dome growth and collapse events since the eruption began in 1995. Over 90% of the pyroclastic material produced…Experimental study on the effect of diet on fatty acid and stable isotope profiles of the squid Lolliguncula brevis
1 May, 2006 by Gabriele Stowasser, Martin Collins
Fatty acid and stable isotope analyses have previously been used to investigate foraging patterns of fish, birds, marine mammals and most recently cephalopod species. To evaluate the application of these…Measurements beneath an Antarctic ice shelf using an autonomous underwater vehicle
1 April, 2006 by Povl Abrahamsen, Keith Nicholls
The cavities beneath Antarctic ice shelves are among the least studied regions of the World Ocean, yet they are sites of globally important water mass transformations. Here we report results…Read more on Measurements beneath an Antarctic ice shelf using an autonomous underwater vehicle
Destruction of the tertiary ozone maximum during a solar proton event
1 April, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
Ozone observations from the GOMOS instrument together with a coupled ion and neutral chemistry model are used to study the effects of the January 2005 solar storms on the polar…Read more on Destruction of the tertiary ozone maximum during a solar proton event
Natural growth rates in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba): II. Predictive models based on food, temperature, body length, sex, and maturity stage
1 March, 2006 by Eugene Murphy, Geraint Tarling, Jonathan Watkins
We used the instantaneous growth rate method to determine the effects of food, temperature, krill length, sex, and maturity stage on in situ summer growth of krill across the southwest…Seabed morphology and the bottom-current pathways around Rosemary Bank seamount, northern Rockall Trough, North Atlantic
1 February, 2006
Rosemary Bank is a broadly domed and elongate seamount with a diameter of 70 km, occurring in water depths of between 300 and 2300 m, 120 km west of the…Redescription of the deep-sea octopod Benthoctopus normani (Massy 1907) and a description of a new species from the Northeast Atlantic
1 February, 2006 by Martin Collins
A long-synonymized species Benthoctopus normani (Massy 1907) (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) is redescribed from material collected over 30 years by the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton and the National Museums of Scotland. It…Albatross populations in peril? A population trajectory for black-browed albatrosses at South Georgia
1 February, 2006
Simulation modeling was used to reconstruct Black-browed Albatross (Diomedea melanophris) population trends. Close approximations to observed data were accomplished by annually varying survival rates, reproductive success, and probabilities of returning…Cretaceous-Tertiary high-latitude palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, Antarctica: Introduction
1 January, 2006 by Alistair Crame
The James Ross Basin, at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, provides the thickest and best-exposed onshore Cretaceous and Early Tertiary sedimentary succession in Antarctica. When compared with other…Spatial structure of ionospheric convection velocities in regions of open and closed magnetic field topology
1 January, 2006 by Gareth Chisham, Mervyn Freeman
We present a spatial structure function analysis of ionospheric velocity, measured by the Halley Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radar over five years. We show evidence for scale-free velocity…Association of substorm chorus events with drift echoes
1 January, 2006 by Mervyn Freeman
Over recent years, substorm chorus events (SCEs) have been proposed as a useful indicator of substorm onset. The events are regularly seen in the data from the VELOX (VLF/ELF Logger…Read more on Association of substorm chorus events with drift echoes
Ice draft and current measurements from the north-western Barents Sea, 1993-96
1 January, 2006 by Povl Abrahamsen
From 1993 to 1996, three oceanographic moorings were deployed in the north-western Barents Sea, each with a current meter and an upward-looking sonar for measuring ice drafts. These yielded three…Read more on Ice draft and current measurements from the north-western Barents Sea, 1993-96
Diversity and distribution of Victoria Land biota
1 January, 2006
Understanding the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is critical to predicting and monitoring the effects of ecosystem changes on important soil processes. However, most of Earth's soils are…Read more on Diversity and distribution of Victoria Land biota
A molecular phylogeny of antarctic chironomidae and its implications for biogeographical history
1 January, 2006 by Peter Convey
The chironomid midges Belgica antarctica, Eretmoptera murphyi (subfamily Orthocladiinae) and Parochlus steinenii (subfamily Podonominae), are the only Diptera species currently found in Antarctica. The relationships between these species and a…The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, 15–42ka. Part 1: constructing the time scale
1 January, 2006
The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, GICC05, is extended back to 42 ka b2k (before 2000 AD), i.e. to the end of Greenland Stadial 11. The chronology is based on…Read more on The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, 15–42ka. Part 1: constructing the time scale
Sleep and circadian phase in a ship’s crew
1 January, 2006
Numerous factors influence the increased health risks of seamen. This study investigated sleep (by actigraphy) and the adaptation of the internal clock in watch-keeping crew compared to day workers, as…Recent aeromagnetic and deep electromagnetic exploration projects in East Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Fausto Ferraccioli
Airborne geophysical surveys play a pivotal role in imaging subglacial geology and characterizing broad areas of the Antarctic liothsphere. Ground-based geophysics, coupled with airborne geophysics and geology, is essential to…Read more on Recent aeromagnetic and deep electromagnetic exploration projects in East Antarctica
Missing link in the Southern Ocean: sampling the marine benthic fauna of remote Bouvet Island
1 January, 2006 by David Barnes, Katrin Linse
Bouvet (Bouvetøya) is a geologically young and very remote island just south of the Polar Front. Here we report samples taken during the RV “Polarstern" cruise ANTXXI/2 on 3 days…Determining the contribution of Antarctica to sea-level rise using data assimilation methods
1 January, 2006 by Robert Arthern, Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
The problem of forecasting the future behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheet is considered. We describe a method for optimizing this forecast by combining a model of ice sheet flow…Antarctic snow accumulation mapped using polarization of 4.3cm wavelength microwave emission
1 January, 2006 by David Vaughan, Robert Arthern
Different parts of Antarctica receive different amounts of snowfall each year. In this paper we map the variations of the mean annual snow accumulation across the ice sheet. We also…East Antarctic ice stream tributary underlain by major sedimentary basin
1 January, 2006 by David Vaughan, Fausto Ferraccioli
Marine and rift sediments exert a fundamental control on ice stream flow in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and hence on its mass balance and stability. In contrast, most ice…Read more on East Antarctic ice stream tributary underlain by major sedimentary basin
One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
Precise knowledge of the phase relationship between climate changes in the two hemispheres is a key for understanding the Earth's climate dynamics. For the last glacial period, ice core studies1,…Read more on One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica
Incursion and excursion of Antarctic biota: past, present and future
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke, Claire Allen, Dominic Hodgson, David Barnes, Peter Convey
Aim To investigate the major paradigms of intense isolation and little anthropogenic influence around Antarctica and to examine the timings and scales of the modification of the southern polar biota.…Read more on Incursion and excursion of Antarctic biota: past, present and future
Temporal-spatial stability of competition in marine boulder fields
1 January, 2006 by David Barnes
Demonstrable examples of marine interference-competition on ecological, and particularly evolutionary, time-scales have been highly confined in space. However, studies of such competition across large-scale space are conversely mere ‘snapshots’ in…Read more on Temporal-spatial stability of competition in marine boulder fields
A most isolated benthos: coastal bryozoans of Bouvet Island
1 January, 2006 by David Barnes
Bouvet Island is, uniquely, thousands of km from the next nearest land, even other islands. Its Southern Ocean location, isolation and the exposure of its surrounding cliffs have resulted in…Read more on A most isolated benthos: coastal bryozoans of Bouvet Island
Shallow benthic communities of South Georgia Island
1 January, 2006 by David Barnes, Katrin Linse, Peter Enderlein, Simon Morley
Benthic communities in several fjords and sheltered bays of the north coast of South Georgia Island were examined using SCUBA and shore sampling in November 2004. It is one of…Read more on Shallow benthic communities of South Georgia Island
Slow growth of Antarctic bryozoans increases over 20 years and is anomalously high in 2003
1 January, 2006
Some organisms are particularly appropriate models for investigation of variability in time and space for given environments. The erect bryozoan Cellarinella nutti, an endemic Antarctic species, is one such organism:…A 44 kyr paleoroughness record of the Antarctic surface
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
Two 788 m conductivity records from ice cores drilled at Dome C, Antarctica, provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the past roughness of the Antarctic surface. By measuring the distribution…Read more on A 44 kyr paleoroughness record of the Antarctic surface
Spatial and temporal variation in shallow seawater temperatures around Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes
The variability of Southern Ocean sea-surface temperatures (SST) are important to understanding coastal biology yet are poorly known amongst biologists. We compare sea temperatures at a constant depth (10–20 m)…Read more on Spatial and temporal variation in shallow seawater temperatures around Antarctica
Etching channels and grain-boundary grooves on ice surfaces in the scanning electron microscope
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
Short communication - no abstractHf isotope evidence for selective mobility of high-field-strength elements in a subduction setting: South Sandwich Islands
1 January, 2006 by Philip Leat
176Hf/177Hf isotopes provide information about the behaviour of so-called immobile elements in subduction environments. Early studies of Hf isotopes in subduction zones reached different conclusions regarding the mobility of high-field-strength…Observations of the wavenumber 1 and 2 components of the semi-diurnal tide over Antarctica
1 January, 2006
This paper combines four years of radar wind data from Halley and Scott Base in an attempt to resolve the zonal structure of the semi-diurnal tide over Antarctica and to…Stable isotopes indicate sex-specific and long-term individual foraging specialisation in diving seabirds
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
An important aspect of foraging ecology is the extent to which different individuals or genders within a population exploit food resources in a different manner. For diving seabirds, much of…Development and evaluation of a DNA-barcoding approach for the rapid identification of nematodes
1 January, 2006
Free-living nematodes are abundant in all marine habitats, are highly diverse, and can be useful for monitoring anthropogenic impacts on the environment. Despite such attributes, nematodes are effectively ignored by…Aerosol deposited in East Antarctica over the last glacial cycle: detailed apportionment of continental and sea-salt contributions
1 January, 2006
The major ions, sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), and chloride (Cl−), deposited in central Antarctica and preserved in ice cores originate from both marine and continental sources. They provide important proxy…Evidence for geographic isolation and signs of endemism within a protistan morphospecies
1 January, 2006
The possible existence of endemism among microorganisms resulting from and preserved by geographic isolation is one of the most controversial topics in microbial ecology. We isolated 31 strains of "Spumella-like"…Antarctic sessile marine benthos: colonisation and growth on artificial substrata over three years
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes, Lloyd Peck
The development of sessile invertebrate assemblages on hard substrata has been studied extensively in temperate and tropical latitudes. Such studies provide insights into a range of ecological processes, and the…Use of moored acoustic instruments to measure short-term variability in abundance of Antarctic krill
1 January, 2006 by Eugene Murphy, Peter Enderlein
Upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) (300 kHz) and echosounders (125 kHz) were deployed on moorings at South Georgia to measure abundance of Antarctic krill continuously over several months. Echoes…The future of ice core science
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
Cores drilled through the polar ice sheets provide information about past climate and environmental conditions on timescales from decades to hundreds of millennia, and direct records of changes in the…The future of ice coring: International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS)
1 January, 2006 by Eric Wolff
Ice cores provide information about past climate and environmental conditions on timescales from decades to hundreds of millennia, and direct records of the composition of the atmosphere. As such, they…Read more on The future of ice coring: International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS)
On the timing of moulting processes in reproductively active Northern krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica
1 January, 2006 by Geraint Tarling
The interactions between moult phasing, growth and environmental cues in Northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) were examined through analysing populations at seasonal, weekly, and daily timescales. The analyses were carried out…Biogeochemical fluxes through mesozooplankton
1 January, 2006
Mesozooplankton are significant consumers of phytoplankton, and have a significant impact on the oceanic biogeochemical cycles of carbon and other elements. Their contribution to vertical particle flux is much larger…Extrapair paternities in black-browed Thalassarche melanophris, grey-headed T. chrysostoma and wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans at South Georgia
1 January, 2006
Extrapair paternities (EPP) are relatively common in passerines, but rare in seabirds. Like most seabirds, albatrosses are long lived, form long-term pair bonds and require biparental care for chick-rearing. Microsatellite…Influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on anthropogenic transport recorded in northwest Greenland ice cores
1 January, 2006
Nitrate records from six Greenland ice cores covering the period 1789 to 1995 show a significant correlation in concentration for averaging periods greater than 10 years, as well as an…Interactions between climate, vegetation and the active layer in soils at two Maritime Antarctic sites
1 January, 2006
In the summer 2000–01, thermal monitoring of the permafrost active layer within various terrestrial sites covered by lichen, moss or grasses was undertaken at Jubany (King George Island) and Signy…Evolution of secretin family GPCR members in the metazoa
1 January, 2006 by Melody Clark
Background Comparative approaches using protostome and deuterostome data have greatly contributed to understanding gene function and organismal complexity. The family 2 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest…Read more on Evolution of secretin family GPCR members in the metazoa
A comparison of global estimates of marine primary production from ocean color
1 January, 2006
The third primary production algorithm round robin (PPARR3) compares output from 24 models that estimate depth-integrated primary production from satellite measurements of ocean color, as well as seven general circulation…Read more on A comparison of global estimates of marine primary production from ocean color
Factors affecting the solution of a parental dilemma in albatrosses: at what age should chicks be left unattended?
1 January, 2006 by Jaume Forcada, Richard Phillips
With rare exceptions, avian offspring are continuously attended by one parent for at least the first few days after hatching. The duration of this phase of the nesting cycle is…Senescence effects in an extremely long-lived bird: the grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
Studies attempting to document reproductive or other pre-lethal senescence effects in wild birds typically face an array of problems, including flaws in statistical analyses, non-adaptive philopatry to deteriorating environments, confounding…Stable isotope evidence of diverse species-specific and individual wintering strategies in seabirds
1 January, 2006 by Richard Phillips
Although there is increasing evidence that climatic variations during the non-breeding season shape population dynamics of seabirds, most aspects of their winter distribution and ecology remain essentially unknown. We used…Polar mesospheric clouds observed by an iron Boltzmann lidar at Rothera (67.5°S, 68.0°W), Antarctica from 2002 to 2005: properties and implications
1 January, 2006
Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMC) were made at Rothera, Antarctica, from December 2002 to March 2005. Overall, 128 hours of PMC were detected among the 459 hours of…Statistical characteristics of the spatial distribution of Pc3-4 geomagnetic pulsations at high latitudes in the Antarctic regions
1 January, 2006
The diumal variations in the parameters of Pc3 (20–60 mHz) and Pc4 (10–19 mHz) pulsations at latitudes of the dayside cusp and polar cap have been studied using data of…Seasonal and diurnal dependences of Pc3 and Pc4 geomagnetic pulsation power at very high latitudes
1 January, 2006
Introduction In our studies [Chugunova et al., 2002,03,04] we found the occurrence of ULF waves in the nominal Рс3-4 band in the polar cap. About 15% of this ULF activity…An introduction to EASIZ (Ecology of the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone): an integrated programme of water column, benthos and bentho-pelagic coupling in the coastal environment of Antarctica
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke
The EASIZ (Ecology of the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone) programme ran from 1994 to 2004, and involved over 150 scientists from more than 17 countries. The main scientific aim was…Climate, energy and diversity
1 January, 2006 by Andrew Clarke
In recent years, a number of species–energy hypotheses have been developed to explain global patterns in plant and animal diversity. These hypotheses frequently fail to distinguish between fundamentally different forms…The importance of atmospheric precipitation in storm-time relativistic electron flux drop outs
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
During the sudden decrease of geosynchronous electron flux (>2 MeV) of 17:10–17:20 UT, January 21, 2005 large-scale precipitation into the atmosphere was observed. Estimates from ground-based radio propagation experiments at…Modeling polar ionospheric effects during the October-November 2003 solar proton events
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
At Ny Ålesund, Svalbard (78°54′N, 11°53′E, L ∼ 18), a narrowband VLF receiver was used to monitor the behavior of the amplitude of several high-power transmitters located in the Northern…Read more on Modeling polar ionospheric effects during the October-November 2003 solar proton events
Predicting Solar Cycle 24 and beyond
1 January, 2006 by Mark Clilverd
We use a model for sunspot number using low-frequency solar oscillations, with periods 22, 53, 88, 106, 213, and 420 years modulating the 11-year Schwabe cycle, to predict the peak…Hypolithic colonization of opaque rocks in the Arctic and Antarctic polar desert
1 January, 2006
The colonization of the underside of rocks normally requires that the material is sufficiently translucent to allow the penetration of photosynthetically active radiation. We examined the underside of 950 opaque…Read more on Hypolithic colonization of opaque rocks in the Arctic and Antarctic polar desert
Southern Ocean cephalopods
1 January, 2006 by Martin Collins, Paul Rodhouse
The Southern Ocean cephalopod fauna is distinctive, with high levels of endemism in the squid and particularly in the octopodids. Loliginid squid, sepiids and sepiolids are absent from the Southern…Taxonomy, ecology and behaviour of the cirrate octopods
1 January, 2006 by Martin Collins
The cirrate octopods are deep-sea, cold-adapted cephalopod molluscs that are found throughout the world's oceans, usually at depths in excess of 300 m, but shallower in cold water at high…Read more on Taxonomy, ecology and behaviour of the cirrate octopods