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Impact of different energies of precipitating particles on NOx generation in the middle and upper atmosphere during geomagnetic storms

1 January, 2009 by Mark Clilverd

Energetic particle precipitation couples the solar wind to the Earth's atmosphere and indirectly to Earth's climate. Ionisation and dissociation increases, due to particle precipitation, create odd nitrogen (NOx) and odd…

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Early larval development of the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata under near-future predictions of CO2-driven ocean acidification

1 January, 2009 by Lloyd Peck

Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel combustion and deforestation are rapidly increasing the atmospheric concentration of CO2 and reducing the pH of the oceans. This study shows…

Read more on Early larval development of the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata under near-future predictions of CO2-driven ocean acidification

Role of krill versus bottom-up factors in controlling phytoplankton biomass in the northern Antarctic waters of South Georgia

1 January, 2009 by Peter Ward, Sophie Fielding

The extent to which Antarctic phytoplankton stocks are controlled by 'bottom-up' and/or 'top-down' factors is highly variable. Here we consider data collected at South Georgia during 3 summer surveys that…

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Relationship between variability of the semidiurnal tide in the Northern Hemisphere mesosphere and quasi-stationary planetary waves throughout the global middle atmosphere

1 January, 2009

To investigate possible couplings between planetary waves and the semidiurnal tide (SDT), this work examines the statistical correlations between the SDT amplitudes observed in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) mesosphere and…

Read more on Relationship between variability of the semidiurnal tide in the Northern Hemisphere mesosphere and quasi-stationary planetary waves throughout the global middle atmosphere

Vertical and interhemispheric links in the stratosphere-mesosphere as revealed by the day-to-day variability of Aura-MLS temperature data

1 January, 2009

The coupling processes in the middle atmosphere have been a subject of intense research activity because of their effects on atmospheric circulation, structure, variability, and the distribution of chemical constituents.…

Read more on Vertical and interhemispheric links in the stratosphere-mesosphere as revealed by the day-to-day variability of Aura-MLS temperature data

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and investigations of the ice–ocean interface in Antarctic and Arctic waters

1 December, 2008 by Adrian Jenkins, Povl Abrahamsen, Keith Nicholls

Limitations of access have long restricted exploration and investigation of the cavities beneath ice shelves to a small number of drillholes. Studies of sea-ice underwater morphology are limited largely to…

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Recruitment and body size in relation to temperature in juvenile Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) at South Georgia

1 October, 2008 by Martin Collins, Mark Belchier

Recruitment variability in juvenile Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), a commercially important, deepwater nototheniid fish, was examined at the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia, South Atlantic. Data from 13 demersal trawl…

Read more on Recruitment and body size in relation to temperature in juvenile Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) at South Georgia

The Tectonothermal evolution and provenance of the Tyrone Central Inlier, Ireland: Grampian imbrication of an outboard Laurentian microcontinent?

1 May, 2008

The Tyrone Central Inlier is a metamorphic terrane of uncertain affinity situated outboard of the main Dalradian outcrop (south of the Fair Head–Clew Bay Line) and could represent sub-arc basement…

Read more on The Tectonothermal evolution and provenance of the Tyrone Central Inlier, Ireland: Grampian imbrication of an outboard Laurentian microcontinent?

Characteristics of summer airflow over the Antarctic Peninsula in response to recent strengthening of westerly circumpolar winds

1 April, 2008 by Andrew Orr, Gareth Marshall, John King

Summer near-surface temperatures over the northeast coast of the Antarctic Peninsula have increased by more than 2°C over the past 40 years, a temperature increase 3 times greater than that…

Read more on Characteristics of summer airflow over the Antarctic Peninsula in response to recent strengthening of westerly circumpolar winds

Biology and distribution of South Georgia icefish (Pseudochaenichthys georgianus) around South Georgia and Shag Rocks

27 February, 2008 by Martin Collins, Mark Belchier

Pseudochaenichthys georgianus is a member of the unique Channichthyidae family of fishes, which lack haemoglobin. The distribution, length-frequency and summer diet are described from 14 bottom trawl surveys undertaken in…

Read more on Biology and distribution of South Georgia icefish (Pseudochaenichthys georgianus) around South Georgia and Shag Rocks

Autumn MIST

1 January, 2008

The MIST (magnetosphere, ionosphere and solar–terrestrial physics) group of the RAS has been reinvigorated with a more formal structure, including a council, and a more thematic approach to the regular…

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Tidal influence on Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica: observations of surface flow and basal processes from closely-spaced GPS and passive seismic stations

1 January, 2008 by Andy Smith, Keith Makinson, Keith Nicholls

High-resolution surface velocity measurements and passive seismic observations from Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, 40 km upstream from the grounding line are presented. These measurements indicate a complex relationship between…

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Probing the high latitude ionosphere from ground-based observations: the state of current knowledge and capabilities during IPY (2007-2009)

1 January, 2008 by Mervyn Freeman

During the International Polar Year (IPY), one area of great interest is co-coordinated, multi-instrument probing of the ionosphere at high latitudes. This region is important not only for the applications…

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On the use of IMAGE FUV for estimating the latitude of the open/closed magnetic field line boundary in the ionosphere

1 January, 2008 by Gareth Chisham, Mervyn Freeman

A statistical comparison of the latitude of the open/closed magnetic field line boundary (OCB) as estimated from the three far ultraviolet (FUV) detectors onboard the IMAGE spacecraft (the Wideband Imaging…

Read more on On the use of IMAGE FUV for estimating the latitude of the open/closed magnetic field line boundary in the ionosphere

Antarctic Circumpolar Current frontal system in the South Atlantic: monitoring using merged Argo and animal-borne sensor data

1 January, 2008 by Michael Meredith, Sally Thorpe

We describe large-scale features of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in the Atlantic part of the Southern Ocean by merging Argo data and data obtained by novel animal-borne CTD sensors.…

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An association between the Antarctic mite Alaskozetes antarcticus and an entomophthoralean fungus of the genus Neozygites

1 January, 2008 by Roger Worland

A fungal pathogen provisionally identified as Neozygites cf. acaridis has recently been isolated from the Antarctic oribatid mite Alaskozetes antarcticus. The identification of the fungus is discussed with reference to…

Read more on An association between the Antarctic mite Alaskozetes antarcticus and an entomophthoralean fungus of the genus Neozygites

Variability of Colletotrichum kahawae in relation to other Colletotrichum species from tropical perennial crops and the development of diagnostic techniques

1 January, 2008

Twenty-six isolates of Colletotrichum kahawae, the causal agent of coffee berry disease, from coffee in Africa, and 25 isolates, mostly of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, from coffee and other tropical perennial crops,…

Read more on Variability of Colletotrichum kahawae in relation to other Colletotrichum species from tropical perennial crops and the development of diagnostic techniques

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus antarcticus (Hexapoda: Collembola)

1 January, 2008 by Peter Convey

Background: Mitogenomics data, i.e. complete mitochondrial genome sequences, are popular molecular markers used for phylogenetic, phylogeographic and ecological studies in different animal lineages. Their comparative analysis has been used to…

Read more on The complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus antarcticus (Hexapoda: Collembola)

Remote sensing of the spatial and temporal structure of magnetopause and magnetotail reconnection from the ionosphere

1 January, 2008 by Gareth Chisham, Mai Mai Lam, Mervyn Freeman, Michael Pinnock

Magnetic reconnection is the most significant process that results in the transport of magnetised plasma into, and out of, the Earth's magnetosphere-ionosphere system. There is also compelling observational evidence that…

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Mapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars – Part 1: A new empirical virtual height model

1 January, 2008 by Gareth Chisham

Accurately mapping the location of ionospheric backscatter targets (density irregularities) identified by the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) HF radars can be a major problem, particularly at far ranges…

Read more on Mapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars – Part 1: A new empirical virtual height model