Distribution and diet of juvenile Patagonian toothfish on the South Georgia and Shag Rocks shelves (Southern Ocean)
1 January, 2007 by Martin Collins, Mark Belchier
The distribution and diet of juvenile (Our publications
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An Antarctic assessment of IPCC AR4 coupled models
1 January, 2007 by Thomas Bracegirdle
We assess 19 coupled models from the IPCC fourth assessment report archive from the simulation of the 20th century, based on the calculation of " skill scores.'' The models show…Read more on An Antarctic assessment of IPCC AR4 coupled models
Influences on and origins of terrestrial biodiversity of the sub-Antarctic islands
1 January, 2007 by Peter Convey
The "sub-Antarctic" is a region of the planet characterised by small and extremely isolated island landmasses set in the vastness and harsh conditions of the Southern Ocean. Although there is…Read more on Influences on and origins of terrestrial biodiversity of the sub-Antarctic islands
Naupliar development times and survival of the copepods Calanus helgolandicus and Calanus finmarchicus in relation to food and temperature
1 January, 2007
We measured egg hatching tunes and stage specific naupliar development tinges of the key calanoid copepods Calanus helgolandicus and C. finmarchicus in response to temperature, food quantity and food type.…Behaviour affects local-scale distributions of Antarctic krill around South Georgia
1 January, 2007 by Geraint Tarling
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba are key to most Antarctic ecosystems, particularly at South Georgia, where penguins and seals rely on them for their breeding success each summer. Changes in krill…Read more on Behaviour affects local-scale distributions of Antarctic krill around South Georgia
Weight loss during breeding is adaptive for female macaroni penguins, Eudyptes chrysolophus
1 January, 2007 by Geraint Tarling, Philip Trathan
Question: How does the female macaroni penguin balance her own needs with those of her chick during breeding? Features of the model: We model the behaviour of female macaroni penguins…New Quaternary sedimentary records from near the Larsen C and former Larsen B ice shelves; evidence for Holocene stability
1 January, 2007
Glacial and post-glacial shelf sedimentation near the Larsen C and former Larsen B ice shelves is compared to records from ice shelves farther north, which underwent mid-Holocene retreat. A core…Potential impact of changes in river nutrient supply on global ocean biogeochemistry.
1 January, 2007
The growing world population increases the demand for water, energy, and land. This demand for natural resources impacts the transport of material and the supply of nutrients in the coastal…Read more on Potential impact of changes in river nutrient supply on global ocean biogeochemistry.
Low life in Low Lake, a freshwater pool at Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Sandra McInnes, Sandra McInnes
Low Lake, a freshwater pool at Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica (67 degrees 20'40"S; 142 degrees 40'45 '' E) was sampled for protists and invertebrates. Forty species of protists were…Read more on Low life in Low Lake, a freshwater pool at Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica
From cradle to early grave: juvenile mortality in European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis results from inadequate development of foraging proficiency
1 January, 2007 by Vsevolod Afanasyev
In most long-lived animal species, juveniles survive less well than adults. A potential mechanism is inferior foraging skills but longitudinal studies that follow the development of juvenile foraging are needed…Scaling and universality in rock fracture
1 January, 2007
We present a detailed statistical analysis of acoustic emission time series from laboratory rock fracture obtained from different experiments on different materials including acoustic emission controlled triaxial fracture and punch-through…Revisiting Lévy flight search patterns of wandering albatrosses, bumblebees and deer
1 January, 2007 by Eugene Murphy, Mervyn Freeman, Richard Phillips, Vsevolod Afanasyev
The study of animal foraging behaviour is of practical ecological importance1, and exemplifies the wider scientific problem of optimizing search strategies2. Lévy flights are random walks, the step lengths of…Read more on Revisiting Lévy flight search patterns of wandering albatrosses, bumblebees and deer
Diversity and species distribution of polychaetes, isopods and bivalves in the Atlantic sector of the deep Southern Ocean
1 January, 2007 by Katrin Linse
We examined deep-sea benthic data on polychaetes, isopods and bivalves from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Samples were taken during the expeditions EASIZ II (1998), ANDEEP I and…Seasonal variation in the correlation of airglow temperature and emission rate
1 January, 2007
The hydroxyl (OH) rotational temperature and band emission rate have been derived using year-round, ground-based measurements of the infrared OH nightglow from Sweden from 1991 to 2002. Recent work has…Read more on Seasonal variation in the correlation of airglow temperature and emission rate
Improving acoustic estimates of krill: experience from repeat sampling of northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) in Gullmarsfjord, Sweden
1 January, 2007 by Geraint Tarling
A series of eight replicated acoustic surveys, four by day and four by night, was undertaken in Gullmarsfjord on the Swedish west coast during two 24-h periods on 8 and…Community structure and grazing impact of mesozooplankton during late spring/early summer 2004/2005 in the vicinity of the Crozet Islands (Southern Ocean)
1 January, 2007 by Peter Ward, Sophie Fielding
Net sampling within the vicinity of the Crozet archipelago, in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean, was conducted during late spring/summer (November 2004-January 2005) to describe the composition,…Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
Continuous sea salt and mineral dust aerosol records have been studied on the two EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) deep ice cores. The joint use of these…A continuum model of melt pond evolution on Arctic sea ice
1 January, 2007
[1] During the Northern Hemisphere summer, absorbed solar radiation melts snow and the upper surface of Arctic sea ice to generate meltwater that accumulates in ponds. The melt ponds reduce…Read more on A continuum model of melt pond evolution on Arctic sea ice
Combined U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry of detrital zircons from early Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks, Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains block, Antarctica.
1 January, 2007
U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology from the upper Cambrian to Devonian part of the Ellsworth Mountains succession, Antarctica, yields dominant late Mesoproterozoic and late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian age populations that are onsistent with…High time resolution measurements of the thermosphere from Fabry-Perot Interferometer measurements of atomic oxygen
1 January, 2007 by Elaina Ford
Recent advances in the performance of CCD detectors have enabled a high time resolution study of the high latitude upper thermosphere with Fabry-Perot Interferometers(FPIs) to be performed. 10-s integration times…Tundra environments in the Neogene Sirius Group, Antarctica: evidence from the geological record and coupled atmosphere–vegetation models
1 January, 2007
The Neogene Meyer Desert Formation, Sirius Group, at Oliver Bluffs in the Transantarctic Mountains, contains a sequence of glacial deposits formed under a wet-based glacial regime. Within this sequence fluvial…Growth in the slow lane: protein metabolism in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna (Strebel 1908)
1 January, 2007 by Andrew Clarke, Lloyd Peck
Growth rates in Antarctic ectotherms are generally considered to be low in comparison to temperate and tropical species. Food consumption plays a major role in determining animal growth rates, but…Protein metabolism in marine animals: the underlying mechanism of growth
1 January, 2007
Growth is a fundamental process within all marine organisms. In soft tissues, growth is primarily achieved by the synthesis and retention of proteins as protein growth. The protein pool (all…Read more on Protein metabolism in marine animals: the underlying mechanism of growth
Tardigrade eggs and exuviae in Antarctic lake sediments: insights into Holocene dynamics and origins of the fauna
1 January, 2007 by Sandra McInnes, Sandra McInnes
The preservation of tardigrade eggs and exuviae in Antarctic lake sediments provided an opportunity to assess post-glacial colonisation and Holocene tardigrade dynamics on the southern continent. Tardigrade eggs were recovered…Deep sea benthic bioluminescence at artificial food falls, 1,000–4,800 m depth, in the Porcupine Seabight and Abyssal Plain, North East Atlantic Ocean
1 January, 2007 by Martin Collins
Natural bioluminescence (that not mechanically stimulated by human intervention) produced by organisms on the seafloor of the northeast Atlantic ocean between 970 and 4,800 m depth was examined using an…The Mediterranean hydrologic budget from a Late Miocene global climate simulation
1 January, 2007
During the Late Miocene the Mediterranean experienced a period of extreme salinity fluctuations known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). The causes of these high amplitude changes in salinity are…Read more on The Mediterranean hydrologic budget from a Late Miocene global climate simulation
Trans-equatorial migration and mixing in the wintering areas of a pelagic seabird
1 January, 2007
Despite increasing interest in long-distance migration, the wintering areas, migration corridors, and population mix in winter quarters of most pelagic marine predators are unknown. Here, we present the first study…Read more on Trans-equatorial migration and mixing in the wintering areas of a pelagic seabird
Multi-year observations on the gametogenic ecology of the Antarctic seastar Odontaster validus
1 January, 2007 by Lloyd Peck
This study reports the first multi-year observations on the reproductive patterns for an Antarctic predator/scavenger, Odontaster validus (Koehler 1912). Seastars were collected monthly from a shallow site (15–20 m depth)…An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts
1 January, 2007 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff, Markus Frey
It has been shown that sunlit snow and ice plays an important role in processing atmospheric species. Photochemical production of a variety of chemicals has recently been reported to occur…Read more on An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts
Psychological selection of Antarctic personnel: the “SOAP” instrument
1 January, 2007
INTRODUCTION: The potential advantage of including a psychological test battery in the selection process for service in the Antarctic was examined in 348 applicants for employment in Antarctica with the…Read more on Psychological selection of Antarctic personnel: the “SOAP” instrument
Feeding, fasting and foraging success during chick rearing in macaroni penguins
1 January, 2007
Foraging behaviour and energy expenditure were measured continuously throughout the chick-rearing period of free-ranging macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus. These data were integrated with values obtained from the literature on body…Read more on Feeding, fasting and foraging success during chick rearing in macaroni penguins
Mass and electron densities in the inner magnetosphere during a prolonged disturbed interval
1 January, 2007 by Mark Clilverd
The equatorial plasma density and composition at L = 2.5 were studied during an extended disturbed interval using field line resonance measurements (yielding plasma mass density), naturally and artificially stimulated…Tides and the flow of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Hilmar Gudmundsson
[1] Surface speeds of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, are known to vary by around 10–20% (depending on location) with a fortnightly periodicity corresponding to a springneap tidal cycle. The…Read more on Tides and the flow of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
Annual variation in diets, feeding locations and foraging behaviour of gannets in the North Sea: flexibility, consistency and constraint
1 January, 2007 by Richard Phillips
Many seabirds nesting in areas bordering the North Sea have recently experienced large annual variation in breeding success, including reproductive failures in some cases. In contrast, the breeding success of…Plasticity and superplasticity in the acclimation potential of the Antarctic mite Halozetes belgicae (Michael)
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
The plasticity of an organism's phenotype may vary spatially and temporally, and across levels of physiological organisation. Given the adaptive value of plasticity in heterogeneous environments, it might be expected…Moulting reduces freeze susceptibility in the Antarctic mite Alaskozetes antarcticus (Michael)
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
The effect of moulting on the cold hardiness of the oribatid mite Alaskozetes antarcticus (Michael) is investigated. Non moulting animals show clear seasonal patterns of cold hardiness with high supercooling…Rafting in Antarctic Collembola
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
Darwin was an early exponent of the importance of ‘occasional means of dispersal’ in accounting for the present-day distribution of plants and animals. This study examined the implications of capture…Aerial dispersal of springtails on the Antarctic Peninsula: implications for local distribution and demography
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
Aerial dispersal has been frequently proposed as a potential mechanism by which polar terrestrial arthropods are transported to, and settle the ice free habitats of Antarctica, but to date there…Autonomous underwater vehicle measurements of surface wave decay and directional spectra in the marginal sea ice zone
1 January, 2007 by Adrian Jenkins
In March 2003 several autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) missions were carried out under sea ice in the western Bellingshausen Sea. Data from the upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) on…A permanent El Niño–like state during the Pliocene?
1 January, 2007 by Victoria Peck
The Pliocene may have been characterized by permanent El Niño–like conditions. Initial modeling studies suggest that this may have contributed to Pliocene warmth. The termination of this state may have…Read more on A permanent El Niño–like state during the Pliocene?
A review of surface ozone in the polar regions
1 January, 2007 by Anna Jones
Surface ozone records from ten polar research stations were investigated for the dependencies of ozone on radiative processes, snow-photochemisty, and synoptic and stratospheric transport. A total of 146 annual data…Observations of a noctilucent cloud above Logan, Utah (41.7oN, 111.8oW) in 1995
1 January, 2007
A Rayleigh-scatter lidar has been operated at the Atmospheric Lidar Observatory (ALO) on the Utah State University (USU) campus (41.7°N, 111.8°W) since August 1993. During the morning of 22 June…Read more on Observations of a noctilucent cloud above Logan, Utah (41.7oN, 111.8oW) in 1995
A climatology of tides and gravity wave variance in the MLT above Rothera, Antarctica obtained by MF radar
1 January, 2007
A cumulative total of over 5 years of data from an MF radar situated at Rothera (67°S, 68°W) on the Antarctic Peninsula have been used to derive climatologies of periodic…A compilation of parameters for ecosystem dynamics models of the Scotia Sea-Antarctic Peninsula region
1 January, 2007 by Sally Thorpe, Simeon Hill
Expansion of the krill fishery in the Scotia Sea – Antarctic Peninsula region beyond the current precautionary catch limit requires the development and assessment of methods for subdividing the regional…Seasonal dynamics and mortality rates of Calanus helgolandicus over two years at a station in the English Channel
1 January, 2007
The stage-specific abundance and egg production rates of Calanus helgolandicus were determined on a near-weekly basis over 2 yr at a 50 m deep station in the SW English Channel…On the fractal nature of the magnetic field energy density in the solar wind
1 January, 2007
The solar wind exhibits scaling typical of intermittent turbulence in the statistics of in situ fluctuations in both the magnetic and velocity fields. Intriguingly, quantities not directly accessed by theories…Read more on On the fractal nature of the magnetic field energy density in the solar wind
Female fur seals show active choice for males that are heterozygous and unrelated
1 January, 2007 by Jaume Forcada, Philip Trathan
Much debate surrounds the exact rules that influence mating behaviour, and in particular the selective forces that explain the evolution of female preferences. A key example is the lek paradox,…Read more on Female fur seals show active choice for males that are heterozygous and unrelated
Validity of the Ice Shelf Water plume concept under Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
1 January, 2007 by Adrian Jenkins, Paul Holland
In winter, brine rejection from sea ice formation and export in the Weddell Sea, offshore of Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS), leads to the formation of High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW).…Read more on Validity of the Ice Shelf Water plume concept under Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
On the Nusselt number for frazil ice growth – a correction to “Frazil evolution in channels” by Lars Hammar and Hung-Tao Shen.
1 January, 2007 by Paul Holland
The growth (melt) rate of frazil ice is governed by heat transfer away from (towards) the ice crystal, which can be represented by the Nusselt number. We discuss choices for…Ice Shelf Water plume flow beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Adrian Jenkins, Paul Holland
A two-dimensional plume model is used to study the interaction between Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica and its underlying ocean cavity. Ice Shelf Water (ISW) plumes are initiated by the freshwater…Read more on Ice Shelf Water plume flow beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Tolerance of Antarctic soil fungi to hydrocarbons
1 January, 2007 by Kevin Hughes, Melody Clark
Little is known about the effects of hydrocarbons and fuel oil on Antarctic filamentous fungi in the terrestrial Antarctic environment. Growth of fungi and bacteria from soils around Rothera Research…Read more on Tolerance of Antarctic soil fungi to hydrocarbons
Numerical simulations of the ice flow dynamics of the Brunt Ice Shelf – Stancomb Wills Ice Tongue System
1 January, 2007 by Hamish Pritchard
Ice shelves play an important role in determining regional ocean properties and in modulating ice flux from land to sea. Their dynamics are complex, however, and localised rifts and zones…The influence of regional circulation patterns on wet and dry mineral dust and sea salt deposition over Greenland
1 January, 2007
Annually resolved ice core records from different regions over the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) are used to investigate the spatial and temporal vari- ability of calcium (Ca2+, mainly from mineral…Statistical significance of the association between whistler-mode chorus enhancements and enhanced convection periods during high-speed streams
1 January, 2007
During high-speed solar wind streams, substorms occur repetitively and relativistic electron fluxes enhance significantly. It has recently been proposed that enhanced dawnside chorus waves lead to the energization of the…Applying new tools to cephalopod trophic dynamics and ecology: perspectives from the Southern Ocean Cephalopod Workshop, February 2-3, 2006
1 January, 2007
A two day workshop on Southern Ocean cephalopods was held in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia prior to the triennial 2006 Cephalopod International Advisory Council (CIAC) symposium. The workshop provided a second…Melting of floating ice and sea level rise
1 January, 2007 by Adrian Jenkins
[1] Contrary to popular belief, the melting of floating ice (in the form of ice shelves, icebergs and sea ice) may have a non-zero impact on sea level. This is…Circulation and melting beneath George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Adrian Jenkins
Introduction George VI Ice Shelf, sandwiched between the western coast of Palmer Land and the eastern coast of Alexander Island, is the largest and most studied of the west Antarctic…Read more on Circulation and melting beneath George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Zeolite compositions as proxies for eruptive paleoenvironment
1 January, 2007 by Joanne Johnson
We report chemical compositions of authigenic alteration minerals in subglacially erupted hyaloclastite breccias from James Ross Island, Antarctica, which provide a geochemical proxy for paleoenvironment. Analyses of zeolites (phillipsite and…Read more on Zeolite compositions as proxies for eruptive paleoenvironment
The surprising polar troposphere
1 January, 2007 by Anna Jones
Chemical processes in the troposphere are driven by a combination of factors. Emissions from the Earth’s surface, either natural or anthropogenic, are the primary source of trace gases in the…Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800,000 years
1 January, 2007 by Eric Wolff
A high-resolution deuterium profile is now available along the entire European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica Dome C ice core, extending this climate record back to marine isotope stage…Read more on Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800,000 years
Antioxidant defense in mitochondria during diapause and postdiapause development of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hubn.)
1 January, 2007 by Roger Worland
Antioxidant enzymes (CAT, catalase; GPx, selenium nondependent glutathione peroxidase; GST, glutathione-S-transferase; GR, glutathione reductase; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase) were determined in the mitochondria of diapausing and non-diapausing larvae and pupae of…Slope and deep-sea abundance across scales: Southern Ocean isopods show how complex the deep sea can be
1 January, 2007 by David Barnes
How animals are distributed in the world's largest surface environment, the deep sea, is poorly understood. The ANDEEP (ANtarctic benthic DEEP-sea biodiversity, colonisation history and recent community patterns) III cruise…Perspectives on marine zooplankton lipids
1 January, 2007
We developed new perspectives to identify important questions and to propose approaches for future research on marine food web lipids. They were related to (i) structure and function of lipids,…Northern Hemisphere forcing of climatic cycles in Antarctica over the past 360,000 years
1 January, 2007
The Milankovitch theory of climate change proposes that glacial–interglacial cycles are driven by changes in summer insolation at high northern latitudes. The timing of climate change in the Southern Hemisphere…Coniacian ammonites from James Ross Island, Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Alistair Crame
The Cenomanian-Santonian biostratigraphy of the James Ross Basin, north-eastern Antarctic Peninsula is in need of comprehensive revision. This is being achieved by the systematic re-investigation of a series of key…Read more on Coniacian ammonites from James Ross Island, Antarctica
Improved magnetic anomalies of the Antarctic lithosphere from satellite and near-surface data
1 January, 2007 by Fausto Ferraccioli
The Antarctic magnetic anomaly map compiled marine and airborne surveys collected south of 60 degrees S through 1999 and used Magsat data to help fill in the regional gaps between…Estimating juvenile copepod growth rates: corrections, inter-comparisons and recommendations
1 January, 2007
The 2 most common experimental methods used to estimate rates of juvenile growth in marine copepods are the molt rate (MR) method, and the artificial cohort (AC) method. Recently, we…Use of shear waves to measure Poisson’s ratio in polar firn
1 January, 2007 by Ed King
We conducted a seismic experiment on polar firn on Adelaide Island, Antarctica. We measured the speed of compressional and shear waves at different depths in the firn by sampling waves…Read more on Use of shear waves to measure Poisson’s ratio in polar firn
Seismic and radar observations of subglacial bed forms beneath the onset zone of Rutford Ice Stream, Antarctica
1 January, 2007 by Andy Smith, Ed King
We present seismic and radar data from the onset region of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, which show the form and internal structure of a variety of bed forms beneath…Did ice streams shape the largest channels on Mars?
1 January, 2007 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
The largest channels on Mars are the Northwestern Slope Valleys (NSVs) of Tharsis, which have previously been interpreted as the probable erosional trace of catastrophic flooding. It is argued here…Read more on Did ice streams shape the largest channels on Mars?
Fisheries in the Southern Ocean: an ecosystem approach
1 January, 2007
The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is bound by its Article II, 3 to follow an ecosystem approach to management. This approach has been extended…Read more on Fisheries in the Southern Ocean: an ecosystem approach
Modeling the effects of radial diffusion and plasmaspheric hiss on outer radiation belt electrons
1 January, 2007 by Mai Mai Lam, Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert
We simulate the behaviour of relativistic (976 keV) electrons in the outer radiation belt (3 ≤ L ≤ 7) during the first half of the CRRES mission. We use a…New ice thickness maps of Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica, with specific focus on grounding lines and marine ice
1 January, 2007 by David Vaughan
For the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf we have compiled measurements of meteoric ice thickness from many institutions, and several different techniques (e.g. radar and seismic sounding) to produce an improved digital…West Antarctic Ice Sheet change since the last glacial period
1 January, 2007 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James Smith, Joanne Johnson, Robert Larter
The potential for rapid deglaciation, or collapse, of the 2–million–square–kilometer West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) in response to climate change is one of the most serious environmental threats facing mankind.…Read more on West Antarctic Ice Sheet change since the last glacial period
The biodiversity and ecology of Antarctic lakes: models for evolution
1 January, 2007 by David Pearce
Antarctic lakes are characterised by simplified, truncated food webs. The lakes range from freshwater to hypersaline with a continuum of physical and chemical conditions that offer a natural laboratory in…Read more on The biodiversity and ecology of Antarctic lakes: models for evolution
Studies of substorm on March 12, 1991: 2. Auroral electrons. Acceleration, injection, and dynamics
1 January, 2007 by Nigel Meredith
In the first part of this study of the substorm of March 12, 1991, the space-time structure of substrorm disturbance and dynamics of auroral ions were considered. This second part…Studies of the substorm on March 12, 1991: 1. Structure of substorm activity and auroral ions
1 January, 2007 by Nigel Meredith
The substorm on March 12, 1991 is studied using the data of ground-based network of magnetometers, all-sky cameras and TV recordings of aurora, and measurements of particle fluxes and magnetic…Saturation of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink due to recent climate change
1 January, 2007
Based on observed atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and an inverse method, we estimate that the Southern Ocean sink of CO2 has weakened between 1981 and 2004 by 0.08 petagrams…Read more on Saturation of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink due to recent climate change
Silicic magmas of Protector Shoal, South Sandwich arc: indicators of generation of primitive continental crust in an island arc
1 January, 2007 by Philip Leat, Robert Larter
Protector Shoal, the northernmost and most silicic volcano of the South Sandwich arc, erupted dacite–rhyolite pumice in 1962. We report geochemical data for a new suite of samples dredged from…Three-dimensional flow influences on radar layer stratigraphy
1 January, 2007 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Variations in the depth of radar-detectable englacial layers (isochrones) are commonly used to assess past variability in accumulation rates, but little is known about the effect of internal and basal…Read more on Three-dimensional flow influences on radar layer stratigraphy
Macro- and megabenthic assemblages in the bathyal and abyssal Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean)
1 January, 2007 by Katrin Linse
The assemblages inhabiting the continental shelf around Antarctica are known to be very patchy, in large part due to deep iceberg impacts. The present study shows that richness and abundance…Is the Scotia Sea a centre of Antarctic marine diversification? Some evidence of cryptic speciation in the circum-Antarctic bivalve Lissarca notorcadensis (Arcoidea: Philobryidae)
1 January, 2007 by Chester Sands, Katrin Linse
The bivalve Lissarca notorcadensis is one of the most abundant species in Antarctic waters and has colonised the entire Antarctic shelf and Scotia Sea Islands. Its brooding reproduction, low dispersal…Molecular identification of unusual pathogenic yeast isolates by large ribosomal subunit gene sequencing: 2 years of experience at the United Kingdom Mycology Reference Laboratory
1 January, 2007
Rapid identification of yeast isolates from clinical samples is particularly important given their innately variable antifungal susceptibility profiles. We present here an analysis of the utility of PCR amplification and…Drake Passage and Cenozoic climate: An open and shut case?
1 January, 2007 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Michael Meredith
Drake Passage opening has often been viewed as a single, discrete event, possibly associated with abrupt changes in global circulation and climate at or near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. A new…Read more on Drake Passage and Cenozoic climate: An open and shut case?
Epimeria schiaparelli sp. nov., an amphipod crustacean (family Epimeriidae) from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, with molecular characterisation of the species complex
1 January, 2007 by Katrin Linse
Epimeria schiaparelli sp. nov. from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, is described in detail. The new species occurs on the shelf in 130–350 m depth. Epimeria schiaparelli can be distinguished from…Atmospheric temperature responses to solar irradiance and geomagnetic activity
1 January, 2007 by Hua Lu, Richard Horne
The relative effects of solar irradiance and geomagnetic activity on the atmospheric temperature anomalies (Ta) are examined from the monthly to interdecadal timescales. Geomagnetic Ap (Ap) signals are found primarily…Read more on Atmospheric temperature responses to solar irradiance and geomagnetic activity