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Toxic cyanobacteria in Svalbard: chemical diversity of microcystins detected using a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry precursor ion screening method

1 April, 2018 by David Pearce

Cyanobacteria synthesize a large variety of secondary metabolites including toxins. Microcystins (MCs) with hepato- and neurotoxic potential are well studied in bloom-forming planktonic species of temperate and tropical regions. Cyanobacterial…

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Unexpected absence of island endemics: Long-distance dispersal in higher latitude sub-Antarctic Siphonaria (Gastropoda: Euthyneura) species

1 April, 2018 by Simon Morley

Aim We assess biogeographical patterns, population structure and the range of species in the pulmonate genus Siphonaria across the sub‐Antarctic. We hypothesized that locally endemic cryptic species will be found…

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The impact of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction event on the global sulfur cycle: Evidence from Seymour Island, Antarctica

1 March, 2018 by Alistair Crame, Jane Francis

The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction event 66 million years ago led to large changes to the global carbon cycle, primarily via a decrease in primary or export productivity of the…

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The devil is in the detail: small-scale sexual segregation despite large-scale spatial overlap in the wandering albatross

1 March, 2018 by Richard Phillips

Sexual segregation in foraging habitat occurs in many marine predators and is usually attributed to competitive exclusion, different parental roles of each sex or niche specialisation associated with sexual size…

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A New Daily Observational Record from Grytviken, South Georgia: Exploring Twentieth-Century Extremes in the South Atlantic

1 March, 2018 by Steve Colwell

The sparse nature of observational records across the mid- to high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere limits the ability to place late-twentieth-century environmental changes in the context of long-term (multidecadal…

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The Ross Sea Dipole – temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 Years

21 February, 2018 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually-dated ice core record…

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Stepping stones to isolation: impacts of a changing climate on the connectivity of fragmented fish populations

14 February, 2018 by Eugene Murphy, Emma Young, Mark Belchier, Michael Meredith

In the marine environment, understanding the biophysical mechanisms that drive variability in larval dispersal and population connectivity is essential for estimating the potential impacts of climate change on the resilience…

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Modelling the physical multiphase interactions of HNO3 between snow and air on the Antarctic Plateau (Dome C) and coast (Halley)

2 February, 2018 by Hoi Ga Chan, Markus Frey

Emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx  =  NO + NO2) from the photolysis of nitrate (NO3−) in snow affect the oxidising capacity of the lower troposphere especially in remote regions of high latitudes with little…

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Diversity of macrofaunal Mollusca of the abyssal Vema Fracture Zone and hadal Puerto Rico Trench, tropical North Atlantic

1 February, 2018 by Katrin Linse

While biodiversity patterns of Atlantic deep-sea bivalves and gastropods have served as model taxa for setting global latitudinal and bathymetric hypotheses, less is known on abyssal, amphi-Atlantic molluscan assemblage compositions.…

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Rigorous 3D change determination in Antarctic Peninsula glaciers from stereo WorldView-2 and archival aerial imagery

1 February, 2018 by Adrian Fox, Louise Ireland

This paper presents detailed elevation and volume analysis of 16 individual glaciers, grouped at four locations, spread across the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). The study makes use of newly available WorldView-2…

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Left in the cold? Evolutionary origin of Laternula elliptica a keystone bivalve species of Antarctic benthos

1 February, 2018 by Alistair Crame

The large, burrowing bivalve Laternula elliptica is an abundant component of shallow-water soft-substrate communities around Antarctica but its congeners are temperate and tropical in distribution and their phylogenetic relationships are…

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Physical Conditions of Fast Glacier Flow: 1. Measurements From Boreholes Drilled to the Bed of Store Glacier, West Greenland

1 February, 2018 by Tun Jan Young

Marine‐terminating outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet make significant contributions to global sea level rise, yet the conditions that facilitate their fast flow remain poorly constrained owing to a…

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Comparison of relativistic microburst activity seen by SAMPEX with ground-based wave measurements at Halley, Antarctica

1 February, 2018 by Mark Clilverd

Relativistic electron microbursts are a known radiation belt particle precipitation phenomenon; however, experimental evidence of their drivers in space have just begun to be observed. Recent modeling efforts have shown…

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The last forests on Antarctica: reconstructing flora and temperature from the Neogene Sirius Group, Transantarctic Mountains

12 January, 2018 by Jane Francis

Fossil-bearing deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica indicate that, despite the cold nature of the continent’s climate, a tundra ecosystem grew during periods of ice sheet retreat in the mid…

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“Live” (stained) benthic foraminiferal living depths, stable isotopes, and taxonomy offshore South Georgia, Southern Ocean: implications for calcification depths

5 January, 2018 by Claire Allen, Victoria Peck

It is widely held that benthic foraminifera exhibit species-specific calcification depth preferences, with their tests recording sediment pore water chemistry at that depth (i.e. stable isotope and trace metal compositions).…

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Temperature adaptation of lipids in diapausing Ostrinia nubilalis: an experimental study to distinguish environmental versus endogenous controls

1 January, 2018 by Roger Worland

Larvae of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubn.) were cold acclimated during different phases of diapause to determine if changes in the fatty acid composition lipids occur as part…

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Spatial distributions of Southern Ocean mesozooplankton communities have been resilient to long-term surface warming

1 January, 2018 by Geraint Tarling, Peter Ward, Sally Thorpe

The biogeographic response of oceanic planktonic communities to climatic change has a large influence on the future stability of marine food webs and the functioning of global biogeochemical cycles. Temperature…

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Exploring the Recovery Lakes region and interior Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, with airborne gravity, magnetic and radar measurements

1 January, 2018 by Fausto Ferraccioli, Tom Jordan

Long-range airborne geophysical measurements were carried out in the ICEGRAV campaigns, covering hitherto unexplored parts of interior East Antarctica and part of the Antarctic Peninsula. The airborne surveys provided a…

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CMIP5 diversity in southern westerly jet projections related to historical sea ice area; strong link to strengthening and weak link to shift

1 January, 2018 by Caroline Holmes, Thomas Bracegirdle

A major feature of projected changes in Southern Hemisphere climate under future scenarios of increased greenhouse gas concentrations is the poleward shift and strengthening of the main eddy-driven belt of…

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An empirical orthogonal function reanalysis of the northern polar external and induced magnetic field during solar cycle 23

1 January, 2018 by Mervyn Freeman, Rob Shore

We apply the method of data-interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) to ground-based magnetic vector data from the SuperMAG archive to produce a series of month-length reanalyses of the surface external…

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Thermal adaptation in a marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti and polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. under different nutrient sources

1 January, 2018 by Peter Convey

We documented relative growth rates (RGRs) and activities of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (EHEs) of one marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti originally isolated from Malaysia and two polar strains of…

Read more on Thermal adaptation in a marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti and polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. under different nutrient sources