Our publications

Filtered view

Showing 13487 items

Antarctic clouds, supercooled liquid water and mixed-phase investigated with DARDAR: geographical and seasonal variations

21 May, 2019 by Amelie Kirchgaessner, John King, Thomas Lachlan-Cope

Antarctic tropospheric clouds are investigated using the radar-lidar DARDAR (raDAR/liDAR)-MASK products. The cloud fraction is divided into the supercooled liquid water (SLW)-containing clouds and the all-ice clouds. The low-level SLW…

Read more on Antarctic clouds, supercooled liquid water and mixed-phase investigated with DARDAR: geographical and seasonal variations

On the importance of gradients in the low energy electron phase space density for relativistic electron acceleration

17 May, 2019 by Hayley Allison, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert

Observations of the electron radiation belts have shown links between increases in the low-energy seed population and enhancements in the >1-MeV flux. During active times, low-energy electrons are introduced to…

Read more on On the importance of gradients in the low energy electron phase space density for relativistic electron acceleration

Predicting future distributions of lanternfish, a significant ecological resource within the Southern Ocean

16 May, 2019 by Geraint Tarling, Jennifer Freer, Martin Collins

Aim: Lanternfish (Myctophidae) are one of the most abundant and ecologically important families of pelagic teleosts, yet how these species will respond to climate change is unclear, especially within polar…

Read more on Predicting future distributions of lanternfish, a significant ecological resource within the Southern Ocean

RAD sequencing sheds new light on the genetic structure and local adaptation of European scallops and resolves their demographic histories

15 May, 2019 by Luca Telesca

ecent developments in genomics are advancing our understanding of the processes shaping population structure in wild organisms. In particular, reduced representation sequencing has facilitated the generation of dense genetic marker…

Read more on RAD sequencing sheds new light on the genetic structure and local adaptation of European scallops and resolves their demographic histories

Processes and patterns of glacier-influenced sedimentation and recent tidewater glacier dynamics in Darbel Bay, western Antarctic Peninsula

14 May, 2019 by Kelly Hogan, Robert Larter

Bathymetric data of unprecedented resolution are used to provide insights into former ice dynamics and glacial processes in a western Antarctic Peninsula embayment. An assemblage of submarine glacial landforms, which…

Read more on Processes and patterns of glacier-influenced sedimentation and recent tidewater glacier dynamics in Darbel Bay, western Antarctic Peninsula

Endemic and cosmopolitan fungal taxa exhibit differential abundances in total and active communities of Antarctic soils

1 May, 2019 by Kevin Newsham

Our understanding of the diversity and community dynamics of soil fungi has increased greatly through the use of DNA‐based identification. Community characterisation of metabolically active communities via RNA sequencing has…

Read more on Endemic and cosmopolitan fungal taxa exhibit differential abundances in total and active communities of Antarctic soils

Fur seal microbiota are shaped by the social and physical environment, show mother‐offspring similarities and are associated with host genetic quality

1 May, 2019 by Jaume Forcada

Despite an increasing appreciation of the importance of host‐microbe interactions in ecological and evolutionary processes, the factors shaping microbial communities in wild populations remain poorly understood. We therefore exploited a…

Read more on Fur seal microbiota are shaped by the social and physical environment, show mother‐offspring similarities and are associated with host genetic quality

Integrated taxonomy combining morphological and molecular biological analyses of soil nematodes from maritime Antarctica

1 May, 2019 by Peter Convey, Rolf Maslen

Nematodes are one of the key organisms in the terrestrial ecosystems of Antarctica. Their exceptional cryptobiotic adaptations against freezing and desiccation stress have attracted significant research attention. However, even today,…

Read more on Integrated taxonomy combining morphological and molecular biological analyses of soil nematodes from maritime Antarctica

Evidence for a decline in the population density of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana 1850, still stands: A comment on Cox et al. (J Crust Biol, 2018)

1 May, 2019 by Simeon Hill

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana, 1850) exemplifies the key role of marine crustaceans in fisheries, foodwebs, and biogeochemical cycles. Ecological understanding and policy decisions require information on population trends. We…

Read more on Evidence for a decline in the population density of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana 1850, still stands: A comment on Cox et al. (J Crust Biol, 2018)

Paleocirculation and ventilation history of Southern Ocean sourced deep water masses during the last 800,000 years

1 May, 2019 by Claire Allen, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James Smith, Thomas Williams

Most conceptual models of ocean circulation during past glacial periods invoke a shallowed North Atlantic‐sourced water mass overlying an expanded, poorly ventilated Southern Ocean (SO)‐sourced deep water mass (Southern Component…

Read more on Paleocirculation and ventilation history of Southern Ocean sourced deep water masses during the last 800,000 years

Cryptic speciation in Southern Ocean Aequiyoldia eightsii (Jay, 1839): Mio-Pliocene trans-Drake Passage separation and diversification

1 May, 2019 by Simon Morley

The species of the genus Aequiyoldia Soot-Ryen, 1951, previously known as Yoldia, are common, soft-substratum, sareptid bivalves. In the Southern Ocean, Aequiyoldia eightsii (Jay, 1839) was originally described from the…

Read more on Cryptic speciation in Southern Ocean Aequiyoldia eightsii (Jay, 1839): Mio-Pliocene trans-Drake Passage separation and diversification

Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: research priorities and opportunities

1 April, 2019 by Hugh Venables, Lloyd Peck, Michael Meredith

The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts on the regional ecosystem, ocean chemistry and…

Read more on Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: research priorities and opportunities

Spatial variability in total and organic mercury levels in Antarctic krill Euphausia superba across the Scotia Sea

1 April, 2019 by Geraint Tarling, Gabriele Stowasser

Total and organic mercury concentrations were determined for males, females and juveniles of Euphausia superba collected at three discrete locations in the Scotia Sea (South Orkney Islands, South Georgia and…

Read more on Spatial variability in total and organic mercury levels in Antarctic krill Euphausia superba across the Scotia Sea

Mesozooplankton community composition controls faecal pellet flux and remineralisation depth in the Southern Ocean

1 April, 2019 by Cecilia Liszka, Clara Manno, Geraint Tarling, Gabriele Stowasser

Zooplankton faecal pellets (FPs) are important conduits of carbon from the surface to the deep ocean, as shown by their presence in deep-sea sediment traps. Zooplankton themselves are thought to…

Read more on Mesozooplankton community composition controls faecal pellet flux and remineralisation depth in the Southern Ocean

The dominant role of extreme precipitation events in Antarctic snowfall variability

28 March, 2019 by Gareth Marshall, Scott Hosking, John Turner, Liz Thomas, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Tony Phillips, Holly Winton

Antarctic snowfall consists of frequent clear‐sky precipitation and heavier falls from intrusions of maritime airmasses associated with amplified planetary waves. We investigate the importance of different precipitation events using the…

Read more on The dominant role of extreme precipitation events in Antarctic snowfall variability

ATAT 1.1, the Automated Timing Accordance Tool for comparing ice-sheet model output with geochronological data

12 March, 2019 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh

Earth's extant ice sheets are of great societal importance given their ongoing and potential future contributions to sea-level rise. Numerical models of ice sheets are designed to simulate ice-sheet behaviour…

Read more on ATAT 1.1, the Automated Timing Accordance Tool for comparing ice-sheet model output with geochronological data

Geometric morphometrics reveal interspecific and sexual differences in bill morphology in four sympatric planktivorous petrels

1 March, 2019 by Richard Phillips

Variation in morphological structures may indicate the existence of ecological differences between species or sexes. In birds, the bill is one of the structures most affected by selection pressures because…

Read more on Geometric morphometrics reveal interspecific and sexual differences in bill morphology in four sympatric planktivorous petrels

Integrated analysis of intraspecific diversity in the bipolar moss Roaldia revoluta (Mitt.) P.E.A.S. Câmara & M. Carvalho-Silva (Bryophyta) in Antarctica

1 March, 2019 by Peter Convey

The extreme conditions of life in Antarctica pose challenges to many organisms. Bryophytes comprise the main vegetation of the continent and they endure many adversities, thriving in an environment hostile…

Read more on Integrated analysis of intraspecific diversity in the bipolar moss Roaldia revoluta (Mitt.) P.E.A.S. Câmara & M. Carvalho-Silva (Bryophyta) in Antarctica

Thurston Island (West Antarctica) between Gondwana subduction and continental separation: a multi-stage evolution revealed by apatite thermochronology

1 March, 2019 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand

The first low‐temperature thermochronological data from Thurston Island, West Antarctica, provide insights into the poorly constrained thermo‐tectonic evolution of the paleo‐Pacific margin of Gondwana since the Late Paleozoic. Here we…

Read more on Thurston Island (West Antarctica) between Gondwana subduction and continental separation: a multi-stage evolution revealed by apatite thermochronology

Simulation study for ground-based Ku-band microwave observations of ozone and hydroxyl in the polar middle atmosphere

1 March, 2019 by David Newnham, Mark Clilverd

The Ku-band microwave frequencies (10.70–14.25 GHz) overlap emissions from ozone (O3) at 11.072 GHz and hydroxyl radical (OH) at 13.441 GHz. These important chemical species in the polar middle atmosphere respond strongly to…

Read more on Simulation study for ground-based Ku-band microwave observations of ozone and hydroxyl in the polar middle atmosphere

Long-term (1995-2018) aerosol optical depth derived using ground based AERONET and SKYNET measurements from aerosol aged-background sites

1 March, 2019 by Steve Colwell

We examined long-term aerosol optical depth (AOD) trends over 53 sites across the globe which comprise 49 sites from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and 4 sites from the Sky…

Read more on Long-term (1995-2018) aerosol optical depth derived using ground based AERONET and SKYNET measurements from aerosol aged-background sites

New recombinant cold-adapted and organic solvent tolerant lipase from psychrophilic Pseudomonas sp. LSK25, isolated from Signy Island Antarctica

1 March, 2019 by Peter Convey

In recent years, studies on psychrophilic lipases have become an emerging area of research in the field of enzymology. The study described here focuses on the cold-adapted organic solvent tolerant…

Read more on New recombinant cold-adapted and organic solvent tolerant lipase from psychrophilic Pseudomonas sp. LSK25, isolated from Signy Island Antarctica

The role of lithospheric flexure in the landscape evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin and Transantarctic Mountains, East Antarctica

1 March, 2019 by Fausto Ferraccioli

Reconstructions of the bedrock topography of Antarctica since the Eocene‐Oligocene Boundary (approximately 34 Ma) provide important constraints for modeling Antarctic ice sheet evolution. This is particularly important in regions where…

Read more on The role of lithospheric flexure in the landscape evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin and Transantarctic Mountains, East Antarctica

Environmental change impacts on marine calcifiers: spatial and temporal biomineralisation patterns in Mytilid bivalves

23 February, 2019 by Luca Telesca

Environmental change is a major threat to marine ecosystems worldwide. Understanding the key biological processes and environmental factors mediating spatial and temporal species’ responses to habitat alterations underpins our ability…

Read more on Environmental change impacts on marine calcifiers: spatial and temporal biomineralisation patterns in Mytilid bivalves

Krill faecal pellets drive hidden pulses of particulate organic carbon in the marginal ice zone

21 February, 2019 by Anna Belcher, Clara Manno, Geraint Tarling, Louise Ireland, Peter Fretwell, Sally Thorpe, Simeon Hill

The biological carbon pump drives a flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) through the ocean and affects atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide. Short term, episodic flux events are hard to…

Read more on Krill faecal pellets drive hidden pulses of particulate organic carbon in the marginal ice zone

Extreme spikes in DMS flux double estimates of biogenic sulfur export from the Antarctic coastal zone to the atmosphere

19 February, 2019 by Hugh Venables, Michael Meredith

Biogenic dimethylsulfide (DMS) is a significant contributor to sulfur flux from the oceans to the atmosphere, and the most significant source of aerosol non sea-salt sulfate (NSS-SO42−), a key regulator…

Read more on Extreme spikes in DMS flux double estimates of biogenic sulfur export from the Antarctic coastal zone to the atmosphere

Isolation, characterisation and lipase production of a cold-adapted bacterial strain isolated from Signy Island, Antarctica

16 February, 2019 by David Pearce, Peter Convey

In recent years, studies on psychrophilic lipases have been an emerging area of research in the field of enzymology. This study focuses on bacterial strains isolated from anthropogenically-influenced soil samples…

Read more on Isolation, characterisation and lipase production of a cold-adapted bacterial strain isolated from Signy Island, Antarctica

Human-mediated dispersal of terrestrial species between Antarctic biogeographic regions: a preliminary risk assessment

15 February, 2019 by Kevin Hughes, Peter Convey

The distribution of terrestrial biodiversity within Antarctica is complex, with 16 distinct biogeographic regions (Antarctic Conservation Biogeographic Regions) currently recognised within the Antarctic continent, Peninsula and Scotia Arc archipelagos of…

Read more on Human-mediated dispersal of terrestrial species between Antarctic biogeographic regions: a preliminary risk assessment