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Winter Targeted Observing Periods during the Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH)
1 September, 2024 by Steve Colwell
The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH) held seven Targeted Observing Periods (TOPs) during the 2022 austral winter to enhance atmospheric predictability over the Southern Ocean and…Future Climate Change in the Thermosphere Under Varying Solar Activity Conditions
1 September, 2024 by Andrew Kavanagh, Ingrid Cnossen
Increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere are increasing radiative cooling in the upper atmosphere, leading to thermospheric contraction and decreased neutral mass densities at fixed altitudes.…Read more on Future Climate Change in the Thermosphere Under Varying Solar Activity Conditions
Community assembly among potential invasive plants in Antarctica shaped by life history characteristics and climate warming
30 August, 2024 by Peter Convey
Species arrival sequence in new habitats impacts plant community development. This ‘priority-effect’ is documented, but mechanisms by which early arriving plants dominate future communities are less clear, complicating our ability…LIGHT-bgcArgo-1.0: using synthetic float capabilities in E3SMv2 to assess spatiotemporal variability in ocean physics and biogeochemistry
30 August, 2024 by Yohei Takano
Since their advent over 2 decades ago, autonomous Argo floats have revolutionized the field of oceanography, and, more recently, the addition of biogeochemical and biological sensors to these floats has…Earth’s ambipolar electrostatic field and its role in ion escape to space
28 August, 2024 by Andrew Kavanagh
Cold plasma of ionospheric origin has recently been found to be a much larger contributor to the magnetosphere of Earth than expected. Numerous competing mechanisms have been postulated to drive…Read more on Earth’s ambipolar electrostatic field and its role in ion escape to space
Storylines of summer Arctic climate change constrained by Barents–Kara seas and Arctic tropospheric warming for climate risk assessment
26 August, 2024 by Andrew Orr, Gareth Marshall, Nadine Johnston, Ryan Williams
While climate models broadly agree on the changes expected to occur over the Arctic with global warming on a pan-Arctic scale (i.e. polar amplification, sea ice loss, and increased precipitation),…Biocontrol mechanisms of the Antarctic yeast Debaryomyces hansenii UFT8244 against post-harvest phytopathogenic fungi of strawberries
26 August, 2024 by Peter Convey
The use of yeasts has been explored as an efficient alternative to fungicide application in the treatment and prevention of post-harvest fruit deterioration. Here, we evaluated the biocontrol abilities of…The lifetimes and potential change in planetary albedo owing to the oxidation of organic films extracted from atmospheric aerosol by hydroyxl (OH) radical oxidation at the air-water interface of aerosol particles [in review]
22 August, 2024 by Neil Brough
Water insoluble organic material extracted from atmospheric aerosol samples collected in urban (Royal Holloway, University of London, UK) and remote (Halley, Antarctica) locations were shown to form stable thin films…Aeolian dust and diatoms at Roosevelt Island (Ross Sea, Antarctica) over the last two millennia reveal the local expression of climate changes and the history of the Ross Sea polynya [in review]
20 August, 2024 by Dieter Tetzner
The pattern of atmospheric and climate changes recorded by coastal Antarctic ice core sites, and the processes they illustrate, highlight the importance of multiproxy studies on ice cores drilled from…Seafloor geomorphology of the Wrigley Gulf shelf, Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, reveals two different phases of glaciation
19 August, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
Knowledge of the behaviour of marine-based ice sheets during times of climatic warming, such as the last deglaciation, provides important information to understand how ice sheets respond to external forcing.…The diverse and widespread Southern Ocean ophiuroid Amphiura belgicae should be considered a species complex
19 August, 2024 by Chester Sands, Peter Convey
Accurate knowledge of geographic ranges of species is essential for effective conservation management. Species with large distributions and good connectivity are presumed to be resilient to adverse localised/regional conditions, whereas…Seasonal resource tracking and use of sea-ice foraging habitats by albatrosses and large petrels
19 August, 2024 by Andrew Wood, Richard Phillips, Victoria Warwick-Evans
The Antarctic seasonal sea-ice zone (SIZ) is one of the most extensive and dynamic habitats on Earth. In summer, increased insolation and ice melt cause primary production to peak, sustaining…Scaling up ocean conservation through recognition of key biodiversity areas in the Southern Ocean from multispecies tracking data
15 August, 2024 by Philip Trathan
Biodiversity is critical for maintaining ecosystem function but is threatened by increasing anthropogenic pressures. In the Southern Ocean, a highly biologically productive region containing many endemic species, proactive management is…Multi-Decadal Variability of Amundsen Sea Low Controlled by Natural Tropical and Anthropogenic Drivers
15 August, 2024 by Paul Holland
A crucial factor influencing the mass balance of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), a climatological low-pressure region situated off the West Antarctic coast. However,…Evaluating Auroral Forecasts Against Satellite Observations Under Different Levels of Geomagnetic Activity
15 August, 2024 by Gareth Chisham
The aurora and associated high energy particles and currents pose a space weather hazard to communication networks and ground-based infrastructure. Forecasting the location of the auroral oval forms an integral…Population morphometrics of the Southern Ocean diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis related to sea surface temperature
15 August, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
With the onset of anthropogenic climate change, it is vital that we understand climate sensitivity and rates of change during periods of warming in the Earth's past to properly inform…Characterizing offshore polar ocean soundscapes using ecoacoustic intensity and diversity metrics
14 August, 2024
Polar offshore environments are considered the last pristine soundscapes, but accelerating climate change and increasing human activity threaten their integrity. In order to assess the acoustic state of polar oceans,…Sediment trap illustrates taxon-specific seasonal signals in Southern Ocean zooplankton
7 August, 2024 by Clara Manno, Florence Atherden
Southern Ocean zooplankton provide globally significant ecosystem services through their role in carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling and food webs. However, the remote and extreme nature of the Southern Ocean creates…Read more on Sediment trap illustrates taxon-specific seasonal signals in Southern Ocean zooplankton
The AutoICE Challenge
7 August, 2024 by Martin Rogers
Mapping sea ice in the Arctic is essential for maritime navigation, and growing vessel traffic highlights the necessity of the timeliness and accuracy of sea ice charts. In addition, with…Wind Forcing Controls on Antarctic Bottom Water Export from the Weddell Sea via Bottom Boundary Layer Processes
6 August, 2024 by Christopher Auckland, Povl Abrahamsen, Michael Meredith
The Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) exported from the Weddell Sea has experienced warming and contraction in the past 30 yrs. Superposed on this decadal trend is substantial annual and interannual…A satellite-derived baseline of photosynthetic life across Antarctica
6 August, 2024 by Joanne Johnson, Peter Convey, Peter Fretwell
Terrestrial vegetation communities across Antarctica are characteristically sparse, presenting a challenge for mapping their occurrence using remote sensing at the continent scale. At present there is no continent-wide baseline record…Read more on A satellite-derived baseline of photosynthetic life across Antarctica
Runs of homozygosity reveal contrasting histories of inbreeding across global lineages of the edible porcini mushroom, Boletus edulis
5 August, 2024
Inbreeding, the mating of individuals that are related through common ancestry, is of central importance in evolutionary and conservation biology due to its impacts on individual fitness and population dynamics.…Historical Southern Hemisphere biomass burning variability inferred from ice core carbon monoxide records
5 August, 2024 by Diana Vladimirova, Dieter Tetzner, Ivo Strawson, Jack Humby, Liz Thomas, Thomas Bauska
Biomass burning plays an important role in climate-forcing and atmospheric chemistry. The drivers of fire activity over the past two centuries, however, are hotly debated and fueled by poor constraints…Mid-Pleistocene climate transition triggered by Antarctic Ice Sheet growth
2 August, 2024 by Xu Zhang
Despite extensive investigation, the nature and causes of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition remain enigmatic. In this work, we assess its linkage to asynchronous development of bipolar ice sheets by synthesizing Pleistocene…Read more on Mid-Pleistocene climate transition triggered by Antarctic Ice Sheet growth
Pathways and timescales of Southern Ocean hydrothermal iron and manganese transport
2 August, 2024 by Hugh Venables
Scarcity of iron and manganese limits the efficiency of the biological carbon pump over large areas of the Southern Ocean. The importance of hydrothermal vents as a source of these…Read more on Pathways and timescales of Southern Ocean hydrothermal iron and manganese transport
Four unreported emperor penguin colonies discovered by satellite
1 August, 2024 by Peter Fretwell
Predictions of the future emperor penguins population, linked to anthropogenic climate change, are stark. Current models suggest that if CO2 emissions continue to rise at present rates, almost all colonies…Read more on Four unreported emperor penguin colonies discovered by satellite
Diversity and enzymatic, biosurfactant and phytotoxic activities of culturable Ascomycota fungi present in marine sediments obtained near the South Shetland Islands, maritime Antarctica
1 August, 2024 by Peter Convey
We studied the culturable fungal community recovered from deep marine sediments in the maritime Antarctic, and assessed their capabilities to produce exoenzymes, emulsifiers and metabolites with phytotoxic activity. Sixty-eight Ascomycota…Collapse of a giant iceberg in a dynamic Southern Ocean marine ecosystem: in situ observations of A-68A at South Georgia
1 August, 2024 by Amanda Burson, Cecilia Liszka, Clara Manno, Povl Abrahamsen, Geraint Tarling, Kate Hendry, Natasha Lucas, Sally Thorpe
Large icebergs (>20 km long) are responsible for most of the freshwater discharged into the Southern Ocean. We report on in situ and satellite observations made during the break-up phase around…Ground-based Remote Sensing of Aerosol, Clouds, Dynamics, and Precipitation in Antarctica – First results from the one-year COALA campaign at Neumayer Station III in 2023
1 August, 2024 by Markus Frey
Novel observations of aerosol and clouds by means of ground-based remote sensing have been performed in Antarctica over the Ekström ice shelf on the coast of Dronning Maud Land at…Incidental mortality of seabirds in trawl fisheries: A global review
1 August, 2024 by Richard Phillips
Seabirds are amongst the most threatened taxa in the world, often due to incidental mortality (bycatch) in fisheries. Hundreds of thousands are thought to be killed worldwide in gillnets and…Read more on Incidental mortality of seabirds in trawl fisheries: A global review
Engagement of early career researchers in collaborative assessments of IPCC reports: achievements and insights
31 July, 2024 by Hugo Rodrigues Guimaro
The participation of a diverse –in terms of geography, discipline and gender– group of Early Career Researchers (ECRs) in the peer review process can help alleviate the workload of senior…Swirls and scoops: Ice base melt revealed by multibeam imagery of an Antarctic ice shelf
31 July, 2024 by Kelly Hogan, Peter Davis, Robert Larter
Knowledge gaps about how the ocean melts Antarctica’s ice shelves, borne from a lack of observations, lead to large uncertainties in sea level predictions. Using high-resolution maps of the underside…Methane Emissions From Seabed to Atmosphere in Polar Oceans Revealed by Direct Methane Flux Measurements
28 July, 2024 by Anna Jones, Evelyn Workman, Katrin Linse
Sea-air methane flux was measured directly by the eddy-covariance method across approximately 60,000 km of Arctic and Antarctic cruises during a number of summers. The Arctic Ocean (north of 60°N,…Asymmetries in the Southern Ocean contribution to global heat and carbon uptake
24 July, 2024 by Andrew Meijers, Jonathan Rosser
The Southern Ocean provides dominant contributions to global ocean heat and carbon uptake, which is widely interpreted as resulting from its unique upwelling and circulation. Here we show a large…Read more on Asymmetries in the Southern Ocean contribution to global heat and carbon uptake
Influences of Space Weather Forecasting Uncertainty on Satellite Conjunction Assessment
22 July, 2024 by Andrew Kavanagh, Gareth Chisham, Mervyn Freeman
A significant increase in the number of anthropogenic objects in Earth orbit has necessitated the development of satellite conjunction assessment and collision avoidance capabilities for new spacecraft. Neutral mass density…Read more on Influences of Space Weather Forecasting Uncertainty on Satellite Conjunction Assessment
Ice sheet–free West Antarctica during peak early Oligocene glaciation
19 July, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James Smith, Robert Larter
One of Earth’s most fundamental climate shifts – the greenhouse-icehouse transition 34 Ma ago – initiated Antarctic ice-sheet build-up, influencing global climate until today. However, the extent of the ice…Read more on Ice sheet–free West Antarctica during peak early Oligocene glaciation
Widespread increase in discharge from West Antarctic Peninsula glaciers since 2018
19 July, 2024 by Michael Meredith
Many glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula have retreated and accelerated in recent decades. Here we show that there has been a widespread, quasi-synchronous, and sustained increase in grounding line discharge…Read more on Widespread increase in discharge from West Antarctic Peninsula glaciers since 2018
Comparative phylogeography, a tool to increase assessment efficiency of polar assemblage resilience and vulnerability
17 July, 2024 by Chester Sands, Peter Convey
The Southern Ocean benthos is remarkably rich and diverse, and managed under a complexity of treaties and conventions, further complicated by geopolitical boundaries. Traditionally, conservation management is largely informed by…Review of the August 1972 and March 1989 (Allen) Space Weather Events: Can We Learn Anything New From Them?
17 July, 2024 by Richard Horne
Updated summaries of the August 1972 and March 1989 space weather events have been constructed. The features of these two events are compared to the Carrington 1859 event and a…The deglacial history of 79N glacier and the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
15 July, 2024 by James Smith
The Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) is the main artery for ice discharge from the northeast sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to the North Atlantic. Understanding the past,…Read more on The deglacial history of 79N glacier and the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
The spatial variation of large- and meso-scale plasma vorticity statistics in the high-latitude ionosphere and implications for ionospheric plasma flow models
15 July, 2024 by Gareth Chisham, Mervyn Freeman
The ability to understand and model ionospheric plasma flow on all spatial scales has important implications for operational space weather models. This study exploits a recently developed method to statistically…Reconciling 22,000 years of landscape openness in a renowned wilderness
14 July, 2024 by Dominic Hodgson
Here, we explore the profound impact of the Tasmanian Aboriginal (Palawa) people on Tasmanian landscapes by examining a 22,000-year record of landscape change from Lake Selina in western Tasmania, Australia.…Read more on Reconciling 22,000 years of landscape openness in a renowned wilderness
When glaciers calve: Large underwater tsunamis discovered at edge of Antarctica, likely affecting ice melt, climate and marine ecosystem
14 July, 2024 by Michael Meredith
The mixing of water in the ocean is a key influence on our climate and ecosystems, but its importance is often under-recognized. Mixing in the seas around Antarctica—a key process…Insights on long-term ecosystem changes from stable isotopes in historical squid beaks
12 July, 2024
Background - Assessing the historical dynamics of key food web components is crucial to understand how climate change impacts the structure of Arctic marine ecosystems. Most retrospective stable isotopic studies…Read more on Insights on long-term ecosystem changes from stable isotopes in historical squid beaks
Ancient diversification in extreme environments: Exploring the historical biogeography of the Antarctic winged midge Parochlus steinenii (Diptera: Chironomidae)
11 July, 2024 by Chester Sands, Felipe Simoes, Peter Convey
The terrestrial fauna of Antarctica consists of a limited number of species, notably insects, small crustaceans and other micro-invertebrates. Over long periods of evolutionary isolation, these organisms have developed varying…Improved Energy Resolution Measurements of Electron Precipitation Observed During an IPDP‐Type EMIC Event
9 July, 2024 by Aaron Hendry, Alexander Lozinski, Mark Clilverd
High energy resolution DEMETER satellite observations from the Instrument for the Detection of Particle (IDP) are analyzed during an electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC)-induced electron precipitation event. Analysis of an Interval…Elemental composition of smectite minerals in continental rise sediments from the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, as a tool to identify detrital input from various sources throughout late Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles
5 July, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
Detrital smectite is a ubiquitous clay mineral in marine sediments and has a variable total Fe, Al, and Mg composition depending on the source, i.e., bedrock or unconsolidated sedimentary strata,…Calibrated sea level contribution from the Amundsen Sea sector, West Antarctica, under RCP8.5 and Paris 2C scenarios [preprint]
4 July, 2024 by Kaitlin Naughten
The Amundsen Sea region in Antarctica is a critical area for understanding future sea level rise due to its rapidly changing ice dynamics and significant contributions to global ice mass…Influence of parasites on spawning success and egg quality in Antarctic krill Euphausia superba
4 July, 2024 by Alison Cleary, Frances Perry, Geraint Tarling
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba are key components of Southern Ocean ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles, as well as the target of a growing commercial fishery. Understanding the drivers of variability in…Multi‐Frequency SuperDARN Interferometer Calibration [Method]
3 July, 2024 by Gareth Chisham
The ground-based, high-frequency radars of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) observe backscatter from ionospheric field-aligned plasma irregularities and features on the Earth's surface out to ranges of several…Read more on Multi‐Frequency SuperDARN Interferometer Calibration [Method]
Fungal and fungal-like diversity present in ornithogenically influenced maritime Antarctic soils assessed using metabarcoding
2 July, 2024 by Peter Convey
We assessed soil fungal and fungal-like diversity using metabarcoding in ornithogenically influenced soils around nests of the bird species Phalacrocorax atriceps, Macronectes giganteus, Pygoscelis antarcticus, and Pygoscelis adelie on the…Network analyses on photographic surveys reveal that invertebrate predators do not structure epibenthos in the deep (~2000m) rocky Powell Basin, Weddell Sea, Antarctica
2 July, 2024 by Huw Griffiths, Rowan Whittle, Tasnuva Khan
Predator-prey interactions in marine ecosystems control population sizes, maintain species richness, and provide intermediate disturbance. Such ecosystem structuring interactions may be rare in Antarctic epibenthic communities, which are unique among…Conservation features of the terrestrial Antarctic Peninsula
1 July, 2024 by Jasmine Lee
Conserving landscapes used by multiple stakeholder groups requires understanding of what each stakeholder values. Here we employed a semi-structured, participatory approach to identify features of value in the terrestrial Antarctic…Read more on Conservation features of the terrestrial Antarctic Peninsula
Dynamics of extreme wind events in the marine and terrestrial sectors of coastal Antarctica
1 July, 2024 by Hua Lu, John King, Thomas Caton Harrison, Thomas Bracegirdle
Antarctic coastal surface winds affect ice-sheet stability, sea ice, and local ecosystems. The strongest coastal winds are especially important due to the nonlinear relationship between wind speed and wind stress.…Evaluating Existing Ocean Glider Sampling Strategies for Submesoscale Dynamics
1 July, 2024 by Alexander Brearley
Mixing in the upper ocean is important for biological production and the transfer of heat and carbon between the atmosphere and deep ocean, properties commonly targeted by observational campaigns using…Read more on Evaluating Existing Ocean Glider Sampling Strategies for Submesoscale Dynamics
At‑sea distribution of marine predators around South Georgia during austral winter, with implications for fisheries management
1 July, 2024 by Alastair Wilson, Claire Waluda, Kate Owen, Martin Collins, Meghan Goggins, Philip Hollyman, Philip Trathan
The sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia is surrounded by highly productive waters, supporting dense aggregations of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), a vital food source for globally important seabird and marine…Plastic ingestion and trace element contamination of Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on the Faroe Islands
1 July, 2024 by Richard Phillips
Procellariiform seabirds can accumulate high levels of plastic in their gastrointestinal tracts, which can cause physical damage and potentially provides a contamination route for trace elements. We examined plastic ingestion…Antarctica is less isolated with increasing depth – evidence from pycnogonids
1 July, 2024 by Huw Griffiths
No other group of animals typifies the uniqueness of Antarctic life more than Pycnogonida (sea spiders), with 20% of all known species found in the Southern Ocean, and 64% of…Read more on Antarctica is less isolated with increasing depth – evidence from pycnogonids
Ocean warming and acidification adjust inter- and intra-specific variability in the functional trait expression of polar invertebrates
1 July, 2024 by Lloyd Peck
Climate change is known to affect the distribution and composition of species, but concomitant alterations to functionally important aspects of behaviour and species-environment relations are poorly constrained. Here, we examine…Ice Base Slope Effects on the Turbulent Ice Shelf–Ocean Boundary Current
1 July, 2024 by Josephine Anselin, Paul Holland
Efforts to parameterize ice shelf basal melting within climate models are limited by an incomplete understanding of the influence of ice base slope on the turbulent ice shelf–ocean boundary current…Read more on Ice Base Slope Effects on the Turbulent Ice Shelf–Ocean Boundary Current
Determining the Freshwater Fluxes from Antarctica with Earth Observation Data, Models, and In Situ Measurements: Uncertainties, Knowledge Gaps, and Prospects for New Advances [Meeting Summary]
1 July, 2024 by Andrew Meijers
Workshop on Antarctic Ice Shelf Processes in Models and Earth Observation.The Impact of CO2 and Climate State on Whether Dansgaard–Oeschger Type Oscillations Occur in Climate Models
29 June, 2024 by Irene Malmierca Vallet, John Slattery, Louise Sime
Greenland ice core records feature Dansgaard–Oeschger (D-O) events, which are abrupt warming episodes followed by gradual cooling during ice age climate. The three climate models used in this study (CCSM4,…Life-history stage influences immune investment and oxidative stress in response to environmental heterogeneity in Antarctic fur seals
29 June, 2024 by Cameron Fox-Clarke, Camille Toscani, Claire Stainfield, Jaume Forcada
Immune defenses are crucial for survival but costly to develop and maintain. Increased immune investment is therefore hypothesized to trade-off with other life-history traits. Here, we examined innate and adaptive…Occurrence of an unusual extensive ice-free feature within the pack ice of the central Weddell Sea, Antarctica
29 June, 2024 by Caroline Holmes, John Turner, Thomas Caton Harrison, Tony Phillips, Tylei Reeves-Francois
We investigate an unusual extensive ice-free feature (EIF) within the pack ice that developed in the central Weddell Sea in December 1980 on the edge of the multi-year sea ice…Detrital input sustains diatom production off a glaciated Arctic coast
28 June, 2024 by Kate Hendry
In the Arctic and subarctic oceans, the relatively low supply of silicon (compared to other nutrients) can make it limiting for the growth of diatoms, a fundamental building block of…Read more on Detrital input sustains diatom production off a glaciated Arctic coast
Measuring Low Plasma Density in the Earth’s Equatorial Magnetosphere From Magnetosonic Waves
28 June, 2024 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert, Thomas Daggitt
The plasma density is one of the most fundamental quantities of any plasma yet measuring it in space is exceptionally difficult when the density is low. Measurements from particle detectors…Twenty‐thousand‐year gap between deglaciation and peat formation on sub‐Antarctic Marion Island attributed to climate and sea level change
28 June, 2024 by Alexander Whittle, Dominic Hodgson
Radiocarbon dating of basal peats has been a key factor in determining minimum ages for deglaciation on sub-Antarctic islands. On Marion Island, peat bogs dominate the landscape below 300 m a.s.l.,…Tipping point in ice-sheet grounding-zone melting due to ocean water intrusion
25 June, 2024 by Alexander Bradley
Marine ice sheets are highly sensitive to submarine melting in their grounding zones, where they transition between grounded and floating ice. Recently published studies of the complex hydrography of grounding…Read more on Tipping point in ice-sheet grounding-zone melting due to ocean water intrusion
Measuring the impact of wharf construction on the Antarctic Benthos
24 June, 2024 by Ben Robinson, David Seaton, Kevin Hughes, Simon Morley
Shallow water Antarctic marine macroepifaunal assemblages live in one of the most naturally disturbed marine environments due to the impact of icebergs scouring the seafloor. They are, however, amongst the…Read more on Measuring the impact of wharf construction on the Antarctic Benthos
Variability in Zoobenthic Blue Carbon storage across a Southern Polar Gradient
24 June, 2024 by David Barnes
The seabed of the Antarctic continental shelf hosts most of Antarctica's known species, including taxa considered indicative of vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs). Nonetheless, the potential impact of climatic and environmental…Read more on Variability in Zoobenthic Blue Carbon storage across a Southern Polar Gradient
Enzymes and biosurfactants of industrial interest produced by culturable fungi present in sediments of Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, north‑east Antarctic Peninsula
22 June, 2024 by Peter Convey
This study characterized cultivable fungi present in sediments obtained from Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, in the north-east of the Antarctic Peninsula, and evaluated their production of enzymes and biosurfactants of…The importance of cloud properties when assessing surface melting in an offline-coupled firn model over Ross Ice shelf, West Antarctica
21 June, 2024 by Andrew Orr, Ella Gilbert, Ruth Price, Thomas Bracegirdle, Tony Phillips
The Ross Ice Shelf, West Antarctica, experienced an extensive melt event in January 2016. We examine the representation of this event by the HIRHAM5 and MetUM high-resolution regional atmospheric models,…South Georgia marine productivity over the past 15 ka and implications for glacial evolution
18 June, 2024 by Claire Allen, Victoria Peck
The subantarctic islands of South Georgia are located in the Southern Ocean, and they may be sensitive to future climate warming. However, due to a lack of well-dated subantarctic palaeoclimate…Steppe-tundra composition and deglacial floristic turnover in interior Alaska revealed by sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA)
15 June, 2024 by Alistair Monteath
When tracing vegetation dynamics over long timescales, obtaining enough floristic information to gain a detailed understanding of past communities and their transitions can be challenging. The first high-resolution sedimentary DNA…Age, thinning and spatial origin of the Beyond EPICA ice from a 2.5D ice flow model [in review]
14 June, 2024 by Robert Mulvaney
The European Beyond EPICA – Oldest Ice consortium is currently conducting an ice core drilling project at Little Dome C (LDC) in Antarctica with the aim of retrieving a continuous…Detecting Holocene retreat and readvance in the Amundsen Sea sector of Antarctica: assessing the suitability of sites near Pine Island Glacier for subglacial bedrock drilling [in review]
12 June, 2024 by Joanne Johnson
Unambiguous identification of past episodes of ice sheet thinning below the modern surface and grounding line retreat inboard of present requires recovery and exposure dating of subglacial bedrock. Such efforts…Melt-Affected Ice Cores for Polar Research in a Warming World
11 June, 2024 by Dorothea Moser, Liz Thomas
Melting polar and alpine ice sheets in response to global warming pose ecological and societal risks but will also hamper our ability to reconstruct past climate and atmospheric composition across…Read more on Melt-Affected Ice Cores for Polar Research in a Warming World
Spicule morphology impacts stable silicon isotopic composition of sponge archives
11 June, 2024 by Kate Hendry
The stable silicon isotopic composition of siliceous sponge skeletal elements, spicules, forms a potential proxy for past dissolved silicon (DSi) concentrations of bottom waters. Field-based studies have shown that there…Read more on Spicule morphology impacts stable silicon isotopic composition of sponge archives
A New Model of Electron Pitch Angle Distributions and Loss Timescales in the Earth’s Radiation Belts
8 June, 2024 by Jack Atkinson, Johnathan Ross, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert
As the number of satellites on orbit grows it is increasingly important to understand their operating environment. Physics-based models can simulate the behavior of the Earth's radiation belts by solving…A large-scale transcontinental river system crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene
5 June, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Robert Larter
Extensive ice coverage largely prevents investigations of Antarctica’s unglaciated past. Knowledge about environmental and tectonic development before large-scale glaciation, however, is important for understanding the transition into the modern icehouse…Read more on A large-scale transcontinental river system crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene
Endolithic Fungal Diversity in Antarctic Oligocene Rock Samples Explored Using DNA Metabarcoding
5 June, 2024 by Peter Convey
In this study, we evaluated the fungal diversity present associated with cores of Oligocene rocks using a DNA metabarcoding approach. We detected 940,969 DNA reads grouped into 198 amplicon sequence…Evaluating the performance of key ERA-Interim, ERA5 and ERA5-Land climate variables across Siberia
4 June, 2024 by Andrew Clelland, Gareth Marshall
Reanalysis datasets provide a continuous picture of the past climate for every point on Earth. They are especially useful in areas with few direct observations, such as Siberia. However, to…Coupled ice–ocean interactions during future retreat of West Antarctic ice streams in the Amundsen Sea sector
3 June, 2024 by Alexander Bradley, Rosie Williams, David Bett, Paul Holland, Robert Arthern
The Amundsen Sea sector has some of the fastest-thinning ice shelves in Antarctica, caused by high, ocean-driven basal melt rates, which can lead to increased ice streamflow, causing increased sea…A comparison of two statistical postprocessing methods for heavy‐precipitation forecasts over India during the summer monsoon
3 June, 2024 by Andrew Orr
Accurate ensemble forecasts of heavy precipitation in India are vital for many applications and essential for early warning of damaging flood events, especially during the monsoon season. In this study…Hyperspectral leaf area index and chlorophyll retrieval over forest and row-structured vineyard canopies
2 June, 2024 by Gary Llewellyn
As an unprecedented stream of decametric hyperspectral observations becomes available from recent and upcoming spaceborne missions, effective algorithms are required to retrieve vegetation biophysical and biochemical variables such as leaf…Top predator feeding ecology and microplastic (MP) contamination on the far eastern South American coast: Evidence of MP trophic biotransfer
1 June, 2024 by Simon Morley
This study describes the feeding ecology, spatial distribution of each ontogenetic phase and the corresponding plastic debris contamination, in the Caribbean sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon porosus as a function of spatial-temporal…Pathogenic potential of an environmental Aspergillus fumigatus strain recovered from soil of Pygoscelis papua (Gentoo Penguins) colony in Antarctica
1 June, 2024 by Peter Convey
Aspergillus fumigatus is a common opportunistic pathogen in different animals, including birds such as penguins. For the first time, a fungal strain identified as A. fumigatus was isolated from soil…Investigating the physiological ecology of mesopelagic zooplankton in the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean) using lipid and stable isotope signatures
1 June, 2024 by Anna Belcher, Geraint Tarling, Gabriele Stowasser, Sophie Fielding
The mesopelagic zooplankton community plays an important role in the cycling and sequestration of carbon via the biological pump. However, little is known about the physiology and ecology of key…A bigger broader Autumn MIST [Specialist Discussion Meeting Report]
1 June, 2024 by Emma Woodfield
Beatriz Sanchez-Cano, Emma Woodfield, Sam Rennie and Diego Moral Pombo report on a big meeting reflecting a thriving communityRead more on A bigger broader Autumn MIST [Specialist Discussion Meeting Report]
Characteristics and sources of fluorescent aerosols in the central Arctic Ocean
30 May, 2024 by Markus Frey
The Arctic is sensitive to cloud radiative forcing. Due to the limited number of aerosols present throughout much of the year, cloud formation is susceptible to the presence of cloud…Read more on Characteristics and sources of fluorescent aerosols in the central Arctic Ocean
Simultaneous organic aerosol source apportionment at two Antarctic sites reveals large-scale and eco-region specific components
29 May, 2024 by Anna Jones, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are the most pristine areas of the globe and represent ideal places to investigate aerosol-climate interactions in an unperturbed atmosphere. In this study, we present…Drivers of late Holocene ice core chemistry in Dronning Maud Land: the context for the ISOL-ICE project
28 May, 2024 by Markus Frey, Robert Mulvaney, Holly Winton
Within the framework of the Isotopic Constraints on Past Ozone Layer in Polar Ice (ISOL-ICE) project, we present initial ice core results from the new ISOL-ICE ice core covering the…Responses of the Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers to Melt and Sliding Parameterizations
28 May, 2024 by Pierre Dutrieux
The Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers are the two largest contributors to sea level rise from Antarctica. Here we examine the influence of basal friction and ice shelf basal melt…Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry
23 May, 2024 by Xin Yang
This study explores the role of snowpack in polar boundary layer chemistry, especially as a direct source of reactive bromine (BrOx = BrO + Br) and nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2) in the Arctic springtime. Surface snow…Impact of Deep Water Formation on Antarctic Circumpolar Transport During Gateway Opening
23 May, 2024 by Dave Munday
Ambiguity over the Eocene opening times of the Tasman Gateway and Drake Passage makes it difficult to determine the initiation time of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. If the Tasman Gateway…Subglacial bedform and moat initiation beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
22 May, 2024 by Alex Brisbourne, Andy Smith, Ed King, Rebecca Schlegel
The accuracy of sea-level rise predictions is highly dependent on reliably understanding the subglacial environment beneath ice streams. Bedforms result from the interaction between ice and its substrate, and therefore…Read more on Subglacial bedform and moat initiation beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
Trajectory of increased iceberg kill-off in West Antarctica’s shallows [Correspondence]
20 May, 2024 by Alice Clement, David Barnes, Lloyd Peck, Ryan Mathews, Simon Morley
Compared with low latitude coasts, many polar latitudes are still little impacted by intense and direct anthropogenic stressors. Climate forcing is now bringing rapid physical change to nearshore polar realms.…Read more on Trajectory of increased iceberg kill-off in West Antarctica’s shallows [Correspondence]
CMIP6 Models Rarely Simulate Antarctic Winter Sea‐Ice Anomalies as Large as Observed in 2023
20 May, 2024 by Caroline Holmes, Louise Sime
In 2023, Antarctic sea-ice extent (SIE) reached record lows, with winter SIE falling to 2.5Mkm2 below the satellite era average. With this multi-model study, we investigate the occurrence of anomalies…