Found 14040 items
1 January, 1996 by Peter Ward
The lipid and hydrocarbon composition of two species of Antarctic copepod, Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus simillimus, was investigated at two contrasting sites. Differences in the quantity of total lipid between…1 January, 1996 by Jonathan Watkins
Echo integration of biological organisms with a low target strength can be difficult because of the problem of setting suitable pre-integration thresholds, and this is particularly acute with higher frequencies,…Read more on A post-processing technique to remove background noise from echo integration data
1 January, 1996
The effect of season on “biofilming”;, as a cue for the settlement of marine invertebrate larvae, was investigated in a long‐term field study during the years 1992–1994. The series of…1 January, 1996
The Moores Peak Formation occurs on eastern Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, part of the South Shetland Island volcanic arc, which was active during Mesozoic and Cenozoic times. The rocks were…1 January, 1996 by Eric Wolff
The aim of drilling ice cores is to obtain paleoatmospheric information of wide significance. However, the concentrations of chemicals found in the- ice are determined both by the atmospheric concentrations,…Read more on Location, movement and reactions of impurities in solid ice
1 January, 1996 by Eric Wolff
Ice cores have now become established as one of the primary archives of paleoclimatic information, covering timescales from seasonal up to 100,000 years or more. In the polar ice sheets,…Read more on The record of aerosol deposited species in ice cores, and problems of interpretation
1 January, 1996 by Roger Worland
The arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus is freezing intolerant and experiences temperatures below -25°C during winter periods of low air temperatures and only light snow cover. Summer-collected individuals have a mean…1 January, 1996 by Michael Pinnock
On 17 March 1991, five clear substorm onsets/intensifications took place within a three hour interval. During this interval ground-based data from the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar, a digital CCD all…Read more on The high latitude convection response to an interval of substorm activity
1 December, 1995
Scanning electron microscope and image analysis techniques were used to construct a profile of otolith growth from June 1987–June 1988 in immature Notothenia coriiceps. Growth was found to fluctuate seasonally…1 December, 1995
Continental freshwater lakes of Antarctica are characterized by species-poor biota (Heywood 1977). The plankton is dominated by algae, bacteria and protozoa (Koob & Leister 1972, Parker et al. 1982, Laybourn-Parry…1 December, 1995 by Adrian Fox
Extensive aerial photography cover is available for parts of the British Antarctic Territory, but the fisoffinfillijl characteristics of the photography, combined with the sparsity of ground control information and rugged…Read more on Using multiple data sources to enhance photogrammetry for mapping antarctic terrain
1 December, 1995 by Mervyn Freeman
The recurrence of substorms in the terrestrial magnetosphere depends on many factors. Chief among these are (1) the mechanism(s) by which the magnetosphere stores and rids itself of excess magnetic…1 December, 1995
1. Canonical correspondence analysis of a diatom and water chemistry dataset from fifty-nine maritime Antarctic lakes situated on Signy and Livingston Islands showed that nutrients and functions of nutrients (NH4+,…1 November, 1995
A study conducted at South Georgia in 1988/1989 indicated that several thousand Antarctic fur seals were entangled mainly in man-made material originating from fishing vessels. Consequently, the authority responsible for…1 November, 1995
The inter- and intra-annual variation in milk composition in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) was investigated over three consecutive lactation periods (1990-1992) at Bird Island, South Georgia, which included one…1 November, 1995 by Eric Wolff
Polar ice caps preserve information about atmospheric composition over the past tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of years. They contain a rich history of the Earth's volcanic activity,…Read more on Interpreting natural climate signals in ice cores
1 November, 1995 by Roger Worland, William Block
This paper compares winter soil temperatures at five high arctic sites (Ny Alesund, West Spitsbergen) and one subarctic site (Slattatjakka, Abisko) during 1992/93 and 1993/94. At the high arctic sites…Read more on Thermal Environments of Arctic Soil Organisms during Winter
1 November, 1995
Plasma flow vectors have been derived from data recorded by the Advanced Ionospheric Sounder (operating as a Dynasonde) at Halley, Antarctica (76°, 27°W). Single bulk flow vectors derived from the…Read more on First Dynasonde observations of F-region plasma flow at Halley, Antarctica
1 October, 1995 by William Block
The water status of the collembolan Cryptopygtus antarcticus (Willem) was investigated from April 1984 to December 1987 at Signy Island, maritime Antarctic, by monthly field sampling to determine body water…Read more on Collembolan water relations and environmental change in the maritime Antarctic
1 September, 1995
Volcanic-hosted advanced argillic alteration on Barton Peninsula comprises an assemblage of chalcedonic silica, alunite family minerals, pyrophyllite, pyrite, native sulphur, zunyite and rutile, characteristic of an acid sulphate-type epithermal system.…1 September, 1995
The timing of milk production in Antarctic fur seals was studied at Bird Island, South Georgia. Like all lactating otariid seals (Pinnipedia: Otariidae), Antarctic fur seal females alternate between short…Read more on Temporal patterns of milk production in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella)
1 September, 1995 by Roger Worland, William Block
Throughout the summers of 1992–1994 the low temperature performance of soil microarthropods at Ny Ålesund, Spitsbergen (78 °56′N 10 °53′E), was investigated. Species studied were the Collembola Hypogastrura tullbergi (Schäffer),…1 September, 1995 by Paul Rodhouse
The diet of the white-chinned petrel at Bird Island, South Georgia was studied during chickrearing in 1986 by quantitative analysis (by weight, frequency of occurrence and number of individuals) of…1 September, 1995 by Mervyn Freeman
The response of the magnetopause surface to time-varying solar wind dynamic pressure is examined. We argue that to a first approximation the magnetopause surface may be considered as analogous to…Read more on A linear perturbation analysis of magnetopause motion in the Newton-Busemann limit
1 September, 1995 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff, Howard Roscoe, Jonathan Shanklin
A SAOZ (System d'Analyse et d'Observations Zenithales) u.v.-visible spectrometer was installed at Faraday, Antarctica, in 1990, with a view to gaining year-round measurements of column ozone. Observations have been validated…Read more on Year-round column ozone observations at 65°S: Validation and polar winter data
1 September, 1995
After thirty years of plate-tectonic theory, the reasons why supercontinents disintegrate and disperse to form smaller continental plates remain enigmatic. Possible causes range from abnormally hot mantle upwellings, or plumes,…Read more on The role of mantle plumes in continental breakup: case histories from Gondwanaland
1 August, 1995
Copepod grazing experiments were undertaken along a transect of five stations in the Bellingshausen Sea during austral spring. The stations spanned unproductive, nanoflagellate-dominated waters under pack ice to an open…1 August, 1995 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes
The epibiotic communities on locally abundant macroinvertebrates, in particular the brachiopod Liothyrella uva and the limpet Nacella concinna, were examined from depths between 0 and 50 m at Signy Island,…Read more on Epibiotic communities on sublittoral macroinvertebrates at Signy Island, Antarctica
1 August, 1995 by Paul Rodhouse
Samples of the squid Loligo forbesi Steenstrup 1856 were obtained from commercial catches and research cruises in the Irish and Celtic Seas from August 1991 until October 1993. Age and…Read more on Age and growth of the squid Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters
1 August, 1995 by Martin Collins, Paul Rodhouse
The reproductive strategies of male and female Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856 were investigated from samples obtained from commercial catches and research cruises in Irish waters. In females maturity increased with…Read more on Reproductive strategies of male and female Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae)
1 August, 1995 by Alistair Crame
Palaeontologists •Series: PalaeoMath 101 •Series: R for Palaeontologists •Field Guides to Fossils •Palaeobiology: a Synthesis Article: Occurrence of the bivalve genus Manticula in the Early Cretaceous of Antarctica Publication: Palaeontology…Read more on Occurrence of the bivalve genus Manticula in the Early Cretaceous of Antarctica
1 August, 1995
Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectra of the cell walls of three species of fungi are reported for the first time, namely (i) Agaricus bisporus, a fruiting bud, (ii) Mortierella genus…Read more on Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of fungi
1 August, 1995
Samples of Trechisibus antarcticus (Coleoptera, Carabidae), collected on South Georgia and the Falkland Islands, were analysed at 8 polymorphic allozyme loci, related to the supposition of a recent arrival of…1 August, 1995
This communication presents the first records of mated female Loligo gahi in Falkland Island waters. In October 1993 fully mature mated female L. gahi were identified in samples taken from…1 August, 1995 by Richard Horne
The propagation of auroral radio noise at frequencies below the ionospheric electron gyrofrequency (ƒce ≈ 1.4 MHz) at high latitudes is investigated using the HOTRAY ray tracing code. Two mechanisms…1 August, 1995
Radar echoes from the upper mesosphere recorded by the dynasonde at Halley (76°S, 27°W), Antarctica, over four years have been studied to reveal the diurnal and seasonal characteristics of echo…Read more on Springtime reduction in MF mesospheric echo occurrence
1 August, 1995
Nine species of littoral air-breathing Acari were collected at Husvik Harbour, South Georgia, comprising three Parasitiphis (Rhodacaridae), one Nanorchestes (Nanorchestidae), two Halo-zetes (Podacaridae) and three Hyadesia (Hyadesidae). All of the…Read more on Air-breathing littoral mites of sub-Antarctic South Georgia
1 July, 1995
An attempt was made to develop simple, inexpensive, rapid means of determining body composition in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella). Measurements of total body water (TBW) and total body lipid…1 July, 1995 by Peter Convey, William Block
This paper is dedicated to the late Nigel Bonner, who as Head of the Life Sciences Division at British Antarctic Survey, encouraged and supported this research with his characteristic enthusiasm.…Read more on The biology, life cycle and ecophysiology of the Antarctic miteAlaskozetes antarcticus
1 July, 1995 by Mark Clilverd
Whistler-mode signals observed at Faraday, Antarctica (65° S, 64° W, Λ=50.8°) show anomalous changes in group delay and Doppler shift with time during the main phase of intense geomagnetic activity.…1 July, 1995 by William Block
Recently two species of carabid beetle were accidentally introduced onto the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia. Both species are carnivorous and flightless. One of the species, Trechisibus antarcticus, is locally…1 July, 1995
Aeromagnetic anomaly data collected between 67°S and 70°S crossing the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent offshore areas show a prominent NW-SE trend in the magnetic fabric. Apparent lateral offsets, previously recognized…1 June, 1995 by Alistair Crame
Anopaea is a distinctive Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous inoceramid bivalve genus. Traditionally recognized by its elongate-pyriform outline and impressed antero-ventral sulcus, it is now apparent that it also has a distinctive…Read more on Composition and distribution of the inoceramid bivalve genus Anopaea
1 June, 1995
Data from the Fabry-Perot Interferometer and Dynasonde at Halley (75.5°S, 26.6°W, L ∼ 4.2), Antarctica, have been used to calculate the forces acting on the high latitude thermosphere. Two case…1 June, 1995
The Antarctic bivalve Yoldia eightsi (Couthouy) has been assessed as a monitor species in the vicinity of a research station at Signy Island. For animals of comparable age n-alkane loading…1 June, 1995 by Ed King
Seismic reflection surveys were carried out over the Larsen Ice Shelf to examine the extent of the observed sedimentary sequences of the Larsen Basin as suggested by aeromagnetic and gravity…1 May, 1995
The use of the word “aurora” for many different observations at high latitudes has limited the concepts involved; this is particularly true for F region irregularities. Observations setting the position…Read more on The sunspot cycle and “auroral”Flayer irregularities
1 May, 1995 by Michael Pinnock
Continuous ground-based observations of ionospheric and magnetospheric regions are critical to the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program. It is therefore important to establish clear intercalibrations between different ground-based instruments and…Read more on HF radar signatures of the cusp and low-latitude boundary layer
1 May, 1995 by David Barnes
Seasonal and annual growth was monitored in situ at Signy Island in two species of bryozoan of different growth morphologies, using photographic and tagging techniques. Cellarinella watersi, a heavily calcified…Read more on Seasonal and annual growth in erect species of Antarctic bryozoans
1 May, 1995 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes
The feeding activity of four benthic suspension-feeding groups (bryozoans, hydroids, polychaetes and holothurians) was monitored in situ every month for a 2-year period at Signy Island in the maritime Antarctic.…Read more on Seasonality of feeding activity in Antarctic suspension feeders
1 April, 1995 by Adrian Jenkins
Large areas of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf are underlain by layers of marine ice, which form when supercooled seawater circulating beneath the ice shelf freezes. The freezing process initially produces…Read more on Modeling the formation and deposition of frazil ice beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
1 April, 1995
1. The measurement of energy expenditures in free-ranging animals is essential if we are to understand fully the interaction between a species and its environment. This study examined the validity…1 April, 1995
Antarctic zooplankton have been found to be a potential source of sedimentary hydrocarbons. Monounsaturated C21 n-alkenes and highly branched polyunsaturated C25 n-alkenes were analysed in the aliphatic fraction of the…1 April, 1995 by Adrian Jenkins
The seawater that comes into contact with the base of a floating ice shelf is modified as a result of the phase changes that occur. Melting is prevalent in the…1 April, 1995
An anomalous Upper Jurassic limestone bed, 3 m thick, is present within the volcaniclastic infill of a forearc basin, exposed on Alexander Island, Antarctica. The limestone, formally designated the Gateway…1 April, 1995
1. Passive greenhouse apparatus is commonly used to investigate the in situ biological response of terrestrial communities to global warming. 2. Although close conformity of greenhouse treatment effects to general…1 March, 1995
Sediment cores from three lakes (Moss, Sombre and Heywood) in the maritime Antarctic (Signy Island, South Orkney Islands) have been successfully dated radiometrically by210Pb and137Cs. The core inventories of both…1 March, 1995
Properties of the surface and bottom circulation in the north-west Weddell and south Scotia seas in the region 59–66°S, 36–46°W are examined. The bottom currents have been recorded at different…1 March, 1995
Newly discovered trigonioid bivalves are systematically described from the Late Albian of the Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The fauna includes Nototrigonia (Nototrigonia) ponticula Skwarko, N. (Callitrigonia)…1 March, 1995
Livingston Island contains several, distinctive sedimentary and volcanic sequences, which document the history and evolution of an important part of the South Shetland Islands magmatic arc. The turbiditic, late Palaeozoic–early…1 February, 1995 by Lloyd Peck
Respiration rates in the Antarctic amphipods Waldeckia obesa (Chevreux 1905) and Bovallia gigantea (Pfeffer 1888) were measured in relation to the presence or absence of a substratum to attach to,…1 February, 1995
Satellite Experiments Simultaneous with Antarctic Measurements (SESAME) is one of the four ground-based programmes within the NASA/ISAS Global Geospace Science (GGS) mission, itself part of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP)…Read more on Satellite Experiments Simultaneous with Antarctic Measurements (SESAME)
1 February, 1995 by Michael Pinnock
The Dual Auroral Radar Network (DARN) is a global-scale network of HF and VHF radars capable of sensing backscatter from ionospheric irregularities in the E and F-regions of the high-latitude…1 February, 1995
A PCR-based method of detecting Haemophilus influenzae in cultures inoculated from throat swabs was evaluated using samples from groups of laboratory staff and medical students and then applied to samples…1 January, 1995 by David Barnes
Photographs were taken every 0.5 m along three transects of 5.5 m length on shallow rock faces at Signy Island, Antarctica, during the austral summer of 1991/1992. The percentage cover…Read more on Sublittoral epifaunal communities at Signy Island, Antarctica. I. The ice-foot zone
1 January, 1995 by David Barnes
Photographic samples were taken every 5 m along two 40 m transects on mostly rock face at Signy Island, Antarctica, during the austral winter of 1991. Dense and taxonomically rich…1 January, 1995
Pillow metabasalts and interbedded slates adjacent to the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone (LOFZ) of the southern Chilean Andes have been studied using electron-microprobe mineral analysis, major and trace element whole-rock geochemistry…1 January, 1995
New discoveries of trigonioid bivalves are documented from three areas in the Antartic Peninsula: the Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, the Latady Formation of the Orville Coast, and the…1 January, 1995
The Antarctic Ice Sheet has greatly affected global climate, sea level, ocean circulation, and southern hemisphere biota during Cenozoic times. Much of our understanding of the evolution of the ice…Read more on Geology and seismic stratigraphy of the Antarctic Margin
1 January, 1995
The theory of operation of humidity sensors has not been widely discussed in the literature. In particular, no convincing explanation has been given as to why they respond to relative…Read more on Mechanism for the behavior of hydroactive materials used in humidity sensors
1 January, 1995 by Andrew Clarke
Recent studies of lactation in wild mammals have emphasised the need for accurate information on milk composition, requiring the analysis of large numbers of samples. A simplified method for determining…1 January, 1995
Longlining operations for Dissostichus eleginoides off South Georgia were assessed for incidental mortality and interactions with seabirds. Twenty-seven line sets were observed and 98 deaths of seabirds were recorded over…1 January, 1995
During Austral spring 1992, R.R.S. James Clark Ross worked a five station transect in the Bellingshausen Sea. The transect spanned unproductive waters under solid pack ice to an open-water bloom…Read more on Response of the copepod community to a spring bloom in the Bellingshausen Sea
1 January, 1995
This chapter reviews the tectonic evolution of the East Scotia Sea, testing and extending previously published conclusions in light of the additional and expanded data sets now available. The East…1 January, 1995
As upper trophic level predators with a circumpolar distribution, the antarctic pack ice seals (crabeater, Lobodon carcinophagus; leopard, Hydrurga leptonyx; Ross, Ommatophoca rossii; and Weddell, Leptonychotes weddelli) provide a potential…Read more on Antarctic pack-ice seal research, February and March 1995
1 January, 1995
As heart rate (f$_{text{H}}$) can be used to determine the energy expenditure of black-browed albatrosses (Diomedea melanophrys) (Bevan et al. 1994), data loggers - recording f$_{text{H}}$ and abdominal temperature (T$_{text{ab}}$)…Read more on The energy expenditure of free-ranging black-browed albatrosses
1 January, 1995
Heart rate () and oxygen consumption () were recorded from gentoo penguins walking on a variable-speed treadmill. After an initial increase, and increased linearly with walking speed. A curvilinear regression…Read more on Heart rate and oxygen consumption of exercising gentoo penguins
1 January, 1995
1. This study examined the costs of reproduction in terms of future survival and reproduction in female Antarctic fur seals from Bird Island, South Georgia. It used mark-recapture data from…1 January, 1995
During sustained bouts of diving, predators such as fur seals may adjust the time they spend diving to maximize the time they can spend foraging and minimize the time spent…Read more on Swimming speed and allocation of time during the dive cycle in Antarctic fur seals
1 January, 1995 by Lloyd Peck
A dense assemblage of the brachiopod Magellania fragilis was sampled by trawl and underwater photography during the expedition ANT IX/3 (1991) of RV ‘Polarstern’ on the shelf of the Lazarev…1 January, 1995
Heavy mineral provenance studies can aid reservoir description in deep marine depositional systems by providing a clearer understanding of the lateral extent of discrete sediment bodies. In this study the…1 January, 1995
By deploying a data logger specifically designed for the purpose, it was possible to record heart rate, fH (beats/min), from free-ranging gentoo penguins, Pygoscelis papua, and Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus…